식민구조의 탈구, 다사건, 그리고 재접합 -남한의 탈식민 국가형성, 1945-1950- = The Dislocation, Event, and Rearticulation of Colonial Structure -Postcolonial State Formation in South Korea, 1945-1950-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Why does the postcolonial state reproduce a colonial state? Adopting the method of eventful analysis that has a sequence of colonial political structures, dislocations, events, and rearticulations, this article examines the relationship between the nativist statism of the colonial state and that of the postcolonial state in South Korea, which took Ilminjuui as its official national policy. The political structure in colonial Korea was composed of the nativist-statist colonial state that reflected the political culture of Japan as a non-Western colonial empire, which had rejected both western liberalism and communism, oppositional ideologies of the left and the right as two main resisting forces among the Korean people. The colonial structure in Korea was dislocated in the presence of the military regimes of the USA and the USSR, as well as in the absence of the colonial ruling power with Japan`s defeat in the Pacific War. These contextual situations led to a series of events in which the left was conflicting with the right each other for the upcoming three years. As a political outcome of these contingent and path-dependent events, the Rhee Syngman regime was established in South Korea. In that process, however, the regime was faced with serious legitimacy problems, coming out of not only challenges of leftists` radical democracy and rightists` parliamentary democracy against it, of but also those of nationalism rejecting the scheme of separate government. Ilminjuui was devised as a dominant ideology to suppress such fierce protests. Redefining democracy in a nativist way, the Rhee administration made Ilminjuui a nationalist principle that set people free from domination by any foreign ideologies causing all social confrontations, including conflicts between the left and the right. The logic of Ilminjuui was the same as that of the Japanese statism in the 1930s. The reemergence of nativist statism in the postcolonial era would be the actualization of the structural prototype formed through a series of events during the colonial period.

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