The purpose of this study was to take empirical methodology to find out the intermediary roles and effectiveness of master's self-leadership and organizational fairness as two parameters in possible associations between Taekwondo chief master's transf...
The purpose of this study was to take empirical methodology to find out the intermediary roles and effectiveness of master's self-leadership and organizational fairness as two parameters in possible associations between Taekwondo chief master's transformational leadership and organizational performance, and analyze leadership behaviors of master and chief master for their better relationship and awareness beyond old-fashioned top-down and rule-of-thumb organizational management in drill hall, so that it could devise possible solutions for more efficient drill hall management far from slump.
Thus, this study set its goals as follows:
1)To determine possible effects of chief master's transformational leadership on master's self-leadership, organizational fairness and organizational performance.
2)To determine possible effects of master's self-leadership and organizational fairness on organizational performance.
3)To analyze possible causal effects among chief master's transformational leadership, master's self-leadership, organizational fairness and organizational performance.
In this study, chief masters at Taekwondo drill halls in Seoul and Gyeonggi province were selected as population, and total 300 respondents were sampled from the population through stratified two-stage sampling: the first stratification was based on drill hall's scale(≤100 trainees, 100~200 trainees and ≥200 trainees) and residential environment(apartment, housing estate and downtown), and the second stratification was based on local residential population and living standards. Next, total 300 sheets of questionnaire were distributed to all respondents, and complete questionnaires were all collected. Then, final 263 sheets obtained except incomplete questionnaires were used for statistical data analysis.
In terms of research tools, the sociodemographic characteristics of respondents were categorized into age(<age 25 and ≥age 25), academic achievement(senior high school, 2-year college and 4-year university), annual salary(4 groups ranging from ₩12 million to ₩20 million), and service years and career(5 groups respectively). This study adopted an adapted version of transformation leadership scale(Oh Dae-yeong, 2003), which was a partial modification and complement of Bass's scale(Bass, 1985) to meet the goals and subjects hereof. And this study adopted an adapted version of self-leadership scale, which was originally devised by Manz & Sims(1989) and partially modified and complemented by Kang, Gyu-sik(2003), in order to meet the goals and subjects hereof. Also, organizational fairness scale consisted of subfactors such as distribution fairness, procedural fairness and interaction fairness, and was adapted and complemented from several questionnaire forms(Price, Mueller, 1981; Mooreman, 1991; Leventhal, 1980; Do Yun-gyeong, 2001; Niehoff & Moorman, 1993; Jung Hong-sul, 2002).
This study used SPSS WIN ver. 12 for data analysis. Data analysis was conducted as follows: First, reliability and validity of questionnaire were analyzed using Cronbach's α and confirmative factor analysis to find out if items on scale consist of homogeneous attributes. Second, this study conducted correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis on relevant variables in order to determine possible influential functions between chief master's transformational leadership, master's self-leadership and organizational fairness, as well as between master's self leadership, organizational fairness and organizational performance. Third, this study used Amos ver. 4.0 for covariate structural equation analysis in order to determine possible causal effects among chief master's transformational leadership, master's self-leadership, organizational fairness and organizational performance. As a result, this study came to the following conclusions:
First, chief master's transformational leadership had positive effects on master's self-leadership.
Second, chief master's transformational leadership had positive effects on master's organizational fairness.
Third, chief master's transformational leadership had positive effects on organizational performance.
Fourth, master's self-leadership had positive effects upon organizational performance.
Fifth, master's organizational fairness had positive effects on organizational performance.
Finally, there were more or less causal effects and positive interactions among chief master's transformational leadership, master's self-leadership, organizational fairness and organizational performance.