자서전적 외상 기억 질문지(ATMQ) 개발 및 타당화 = Development and Validation of the Autobiographical Trauma Memory Questionnaire

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 외상 후 심리적 증상과 관련된 자서전적 외상 기억 특성을 자기보고식으로 측정하기 위한 자서전적 외상 기억 질문지(Autobiographical Trauma Memory Questionnaire; ATMQ)를 개발하고 신뢰도와 타당도를 검토하는 것이다. 문헌 연구를 통해 확인된 외상 후 심리적 증상과 관련된 자서전적 외상 기억의 현상학적 특성인 비조직화, 신체감각적 경험, 침습적 회상으로 영역을 구성하고 각 영역에 포함되는 문항들을 개발하여 본 연구의 전문가 집단으로부터 내용타당도를 확보하였다. 이후 외상 경험이 있는 대학생 230명을 대상으로 예비 연구를 실시하여 문항 분석을 한 결과 18개의 예비 문항 중에 13개의 문항을 최종 ATMQ에 포함시켰으며 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 3요인 구조가 가장 타당함을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 외상 경험이 있는 278명의 대학생을 대상으로 ATMQ의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하였다. ATMQ의 구인 타당도를 검증하기 위해 실시한 확인적 요인분석 결과 3요인 구조가 가장 적합한 모형으로 확인되었으며 수렴, 공준, 그리고 증분 타당도를 지님을 확인할 수 있었다. ATMQ의 하위 척도는 높은 내적일치도를 보였으며 검사-재검사 신뢰도 또한 양호하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 연구의 의의와 ATMQ의 활용 제안, 본 연구의 제한점에 대해서도 함께 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study aimed to develop a self-report questionnaire (Autobiographical Trauma Memory Questionnaire (ATMQ)) for assessing characteristics of autobiographical trauma memory which is related with posttraumatic psychological symptoms, and to examine its validity and reliability. Following the literature reviews on posttraumatic psychological symptoms related with characteristics of autobiographical trauma memory, we generated 3 dimensions (e.g. disorganization, sensory motor experiences, and involuntary recall) and 18 items which were verified by a group of specialists. We conducted preliminary study of analyzing the items and conducting exploratory factor analysis of 230 undergraduate students who had experienced a traumatic experience. The results of item analysis and exploratory factor analysis suggested 13 items under three factors. Then we conducted the confirmatory factor analysis and calculated reliability of the ATMQ in 278 undergraduate students who had experienced a traumatic experience. Confirmatory factor analysis result supported the three factor structure of the ATMQ. The evidence of convergent, concurrent, and incremental validity of the ATMQ was obtained. The sub-scales of the ATMQ showed high internal consistency and good for test-retest reliability. Results are discussed in suggestion of using the ATMQ, and the restriction of this study was presented.

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