災難現場의 效果的 指揮體系 = (An) effective commanding system at disastrous scenes

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

All governments have moral and legal responsibility of protection the life and property of its people and preparing for effective protective actions when they suffered natural or man caused disasters. In case of a larger disaster, many rescue personnel and available equipment are sent into the scene, causing much confusion and complication in the area. To make it worse, however, a non-effective commanding system results in poor performances by such human and material resources and delays in emergency and safety rescue activities other than expected earlier.
Except in training performed in a condition that each of emergency rescue agencies is assigned its duties in detail under a predetermined scenario, many equipment and rescue workers actually mobilized in disaster-stricken areas from different agencies are not effectively instructed, make poor performances, or even become obstacles to disaster control.
Such problems appeared most apparently in the scene of the collapse of the Sampoong Department Store, which happened in June 1995. Despite new legislations on disaster control were enaction reproduced in cases of heavy rain falls of summer season in 1998, receiving severe criticism by the press. This was attributed to an one-the-scene commanding system specified in the existing laws as unreasonable and non-organizational and unavailability of a common telecommunication network together with possible communications between different rescue agencies. Whenever people ask for responsibilities and actions for any incident, authorities concerned simply attempt to solve problems in a way that they merely enact laws and establish institutions. However, the essential problem is that a poorly established commanding system causes control of disastrous areas to be ineffective and wasteful.
Thus it is urgently needed to establish a commanding system with which human and material resources mobilized could be utilized most effectively and secure a new telecommunication network operating the system smoothly. In chapter Ⅱ, we define disaster, emergency rescue and scene commanding and review the existing scene commanding system of Korea and most effective system, developed in the United States that experienced much confusion at disaster areas in the past but is now known as managing disasters most effectively. Chapter Ⅲ discusses the collapse of the Sampoong Department Store with record high of victims in Korean history, and problems with the horrible accident controls. Similarly, the collapse of a federal building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma by a bombing is also discussed. In Chapter Ⅳ, we find out problems with a commanding system for disaster scenes still remaining even after institutional improvements since the department store´s collapse. In chapter Ⅴ, a new system dealing with rescue personnel and equipment effectively in disastrous areas is proposed. And the concept of a trunked radio system and a disaster information network are discussed. Then we review telecommunication network operations by disaster control agencies at the time of disaster and non-disaster. Finally, we provide methods of establishing rights to order by an incident commander for settling and properly functioning the new system, and ways of practically training personnel from agencies concerned.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次
• Abstract
• 第1章 序論 = 1
• 第1節 硏究의 目的 = 1
• 第2節 硏究의 範圍와 方法 = 2
• 第2章 韓國과 美國의 災難現場 指揮體系 = 3
• 第1節 災難과 緊急救助, 現場指揮의 槪念 = 3
• 1. 災難의 槪念 = 3
• 2. 災難管理의 段階 = 6
• 3. 緊急救助와 現場指揮의 槪念 = 9
• 第2節 우리나라 災難現場 指揮體系 = 10
• 1. 行政自治部의 中央緊急救助本部 = 10
• 2. 廣域自治團體의 地域緊急救助本部 = 11
• 3. 基礎自治團體의 地域緊急救助本部 = 14
• 4. 災難現場의 現場應急醫療所 = 15
• 第3節 美國의 災難現場 指揮體系 = 17
• 1. 災難現場指揮體系의 由來와 變遷 = 19
• 2. 災難現場指揮體系의 構成과 機能 = 21
• 第3章 災難現場 指揮體系의 變化 = 28
• 第1節 三豊百貨店 崩壞事故 以前 = 28
• 第2節 三豊百貨店 崩壞事故 以後 = 31
• 1. 三豊百貨店 崩壞事故와 現場收拾 = 31
• 2. 三豊百貨店 崩壞事故時 緊急救助의 問題點 = 33
• 3. 災難管理法의 制定과 緊急救助 指揮體系의 變化 = 38
• 第3節 美國 오클라호마씨티 聯邦廳舍 爆破事故時 現場指揮體系 = 39
• 1. 收拾過程 = 39
• 2. 指揮體系 = 42
• 3. 通信시스템 = 45
• 第4章 우리나라 災難現場 指揮體系의 問題點 = 46
• 1. 有關機關 共組體制 微弱 = 47
• 2. 有關機關間 無線通信 不可 = 50
• 3. 長期作業 對備 補給, 支援機能 微弱 = 52
• 4. 應急醫療所의 分離設置 = 53
• 5. 非效率的인 現場 指揮體系 = 54
• 第5章 效果的 現場指揮體系와 通信網 = 55
• 第1節 災難收拾에서 現場指揮의 重要性과 敎育 = 56
• 1. 重要性 = 56
• 2. 敎育과 訓練 = 58
• 第2節 效果的 現場指揮體系 = 61
• 1. 統制官의 指揮權確立 = 63
• 2. 長期作業의 效果的 補給, 支援機能 强化 = 65
• 3. 應急醫療所의 統合運營 = 69
• 4. 效率的인 現場指揮體系 = 70
• 5. 效果的 現場指揮體系의 機構 = 71
• 第3節 有關機關間 圓滑한 通信을 위한 通信網 = 81
• 1. 現在 消防官署와 各 緊急救助機關의 無線通信網 = 83
• 2. 周波數共用通信(TRS)의 槪念과 機能 = 86
• 3. 周波數共用通信을 利用한 災難管理 通信網 = 91
• 第6章 結論 = 99
• 參考文獻 = 101