일-가정 갈등이 정서적 고갈과 과업성과에 미치는 영향

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Work and family issue becomes more salient issue in a competitive working environment that many organizations face in recent years. Organizations have been pushed for rapid changes in a competitive environment, and this trend is likely to increase employees’work family conflict and their stress such as emotional exhaustion. Knowing the negative impact of emotional exhaustion on individual as well as their job related performances, more research is needed to find the moderator that can reduce the negative effect of emotional exhaustion on task performance. In this study, we suggest stress coping strategies classified as control and escape strategy could be an effective moderator between emotional exhaustion and task performance relationship.
This study has two major research purposes, drawing on insights from conservation of resource (COR) theory. First, we examine the mechanism between WFC and task performance via emotional exhaustion. Second, we investigate the important role of stress coping strategies by testing their moderating effects on the relationships between emotional exhaustion and task performance. We propose that different stress coping strategies (control and escape strategies) may moderate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and task performance in an opposite way, depending on its strategies. Therefore we hypothesize:
Hypothesis 1: Work family conflict (WFC) will be positively related to emotional exhaustion.
Hypothesis 2: Emotional exhaustion will be negatively related to task performance.
Hypothesis 3: Emotional exhaustion will mediate the relationship between work family conflict and task performance.
Hypothesis 4a: Control strategy will moderate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and task performance such that the negative relationship between emotional exhaustion and task performance will be reduced when control strategy is high than when it is low.
Hypothesis 4b: Escape strategy will moderate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and task performance such that the negative relationship between emotional exhaustion and task performance will be strengthened when escape strategy is high than when it is low.
Analyzing from 159 data using questionnaires distributed to employees and their direct supervisors from thirteen companies located in South Korea, the results indicated that WFC was negatively related to task performance fully mediated by emotional exhaustion. Contrary to hypothesis, the negative relationship between
emotional exhaustion and task performance was strengthened when control strategy is high than when it is low. In sum, Hypotheses 1, 2, and 3 were supported.
Despite of its limitations such as cross-sectional design, potential common method bias and limited variables, this study enriches our understanding of the mechanism of WFC on task performance through emotional exhaustion based on COR theory. Furthermore, the important role of stress coping strategies is investigated by testing its moderating effect between emotional exhaustion and task performance. Our results demonstrated that employees with the high level of WFC feel emotional exhaustion and these emotionally exhausted employees tend to show low task performance which is harmful for organization's effectiveness. Moreover control strategy could be an effective tool to reduce the negative effect of emotional exhaustion on task performance when the level of emotional exhaustion is low. Therefore, manager should provide training to use control strategy rather than escape strategy when employees face emotional exhaustion.

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