신라 善德王의 尊號 ‘聖祖皇姑’ 검토 = Review of the Title of King Seon-deok(善德王) of Silla, ‘Seongjo-hwanggo(聖祖皇姑)’

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this article, we examined the title of “seongjo-hwanggo(聖祖皇姑)” which was given to Silla’s King Seon-deok(善德王). Firstly, we noted that the records of King Seon-deok’s reign in the “Samguk Sagi(三國史記)” were based on Chinese records such as the “Old Book of Tang(舊唐書)” and the “New Book of Tang(新唐書)” and that the record of “seongjo-hwanggo(聖祖皇姑)” was only found in the “New Book of Tang(新唐書)” Additionally, we confirmed that issues related to Silla’s social hierarchy, as cited in the “Record of the Kingdom of Silla(新羅國記)” were only recorded in the “New Book of Tang(新唐書)” as well. Therefore, we raised the possibility that information not mentioned in the “Old Book of Tang(舊唐書)” may not be a contemporary record.
Next, we reviewed research that focused on the justification for King Seon-deok’s ascension to the throne outside of his “sacred-gol(聖骨)” status. Specifically, we analyzed the Samguk Yusa(三國遺事)’s three-sectioned record of King Seon-deok’s reign. However, we found that the Samguk Yusa’s third section contained later additions, actions that were not King Seon-deok’s own, or feats attributed to others in later generations. Therefore, we presented the story of TaeJong mu-yeol of the Samguk Yusa, which reveals that King Jin-pyeong(眞平王)’s reign may have actually been the time period in question, not King Seon-deok’s reign. The story of TaeJong mu-yeol describes Deokman(德曼)’s (King Seondeok’s pre-ascension name) approval of the marriage between Kim Chun-chu(金春秋) and the sister of Kim Yu-sin. This fact is not unrelated to Kim Chun-chu’s subsequent ascension to the throne.
The glorification of Silla’s “sacred king” the descendants of Kim Il-je, and others are related to the Kim Chun-chu royal family. It is necessary to mention the connection between these glorifications and the traditional justification for succession to the throne through the “sacred-gol” status in Silla’s history. We believe that the relationship between King Jin-pyeong and King Seon-deok was sought during the reign of King Munmu(文武王). This is related to the construction of Sacheonwangsa(四天王寺) in the Samguk Yusa’s third section, as it is considered that King Munmu completed King Seon-deok’s prophecy. Therefore, we speculate that the title “seongjo-hwanggo(聖祖皇姑)” was created during the reign of King Munmu.

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