연령 , 성 , 활동영역이 유아의 사회 인지적 놀이에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구 = Children's Social - Cognitive Play : The Effects of Age , Gender , and Activity Centers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The intent of this study was to examine a theory which suggests that personal(age and gender) and environmental(activity centers) variables affect children`s social-cognitive play. Same-aged and same-gender groups from each of two age groups(four- and five-year-olds) were observed playing in an experimental playroom The subjects used in this study were 40 four-year-old children(mean age: 4.3 years) and 40 five-year-old children(mean age: 5.2 years). Every child observed on 40 occasions, 20 occasions each at a block center and a role-play center. A 2(age)X2(gender)X2(type of activity centers) repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Significant effects for age, gender, type of activity center, and interaction were analyzed. Results of this study were compatible with the theory. More specifically, predicted age effects were supported to the extent that play became more complex with age. Play was also affected by the center in which children played to the extent that their play generally followed the themes suggested by the props in those centers. Gender interacted with activity centers to show variations in play. The main effects attributed to gender, however, were unreliable. These results are significant in that they document the interactive effects of personal and controlled environmental variables on children`s social-cognitive play.