Real contents have come into spotlight amid the commercialization of 5G technology, driven by growth of VR industry. Real contents, characterized by immersion, interaction, and intelligence, etc., mean the type of contents that allows users to gain ex...
Real contents have come into spotlight amid the commercialization of 5G technology, driven by growth of VR industry. Real contents, characterized by immersion, interaction, and intelligence, etc., mean the type of contents that allows users to gain experiences similar to those in real life through the five senses human, and provides high sense of reality and broadens the realm of experience. Visual and auditory elements comprise 90% of the entire sensory perception elements, but the research on existing VR contents focused only on visual aspects easy to access. As the research needs to be conducted on the experience based on five senses, world’s leading information and communication companies are also placing the focus on development of immersive sound technology. Interaction is very important, particularly in VR contents, and other factors that do not interfere with immersion should be applied, rather than providing information based mainly on existing visual factors.
Thus, this study was intended to propose the methods for interaction using the auditory sensation by applying the Spatial Audio, an immersive sound. In this study, of VR contents, which could define and verify the characteristics based on the interaction stage of Spatial Audio, were developed and then explored through experiment.
This study was conducted through a series of processes in the order of literature research, consideration of preceding studies, experiment design, creation of VR content prototype, analysis of results of experiment, and discussion of implications. A theoretical foundation for supporting this study was prepared through academic analyses of literature and preceding studies. Literatures and preceding case studies on Spatial Audio interaction of VR contents were investigated to define the interaction characteristics of Spatial Audio as directionality, distance, predictability, attention, and communication. To examine the effectiveness of the identified characteristics of interaction, an experimental prototype VR content was created, and the experiment was performed on the general public who did not have any constraints on the hearing experience.
The results of analysis on the experiment showed that the mode of VR content interaction using the Spatial Audio was more effective than the mode of such interaction using the Stereo Audio, the conventional audio system. The mode of VR content interaction using the Spatial Audio had a significant effect on directionality perception, distance perception, predictability perception, attention perception and communication perception. The users experiencing the VR contents were found to perceive the characteristics of interaction using the Spatial Audio and acted upon such perception. However, the mode of interaction using the Spatial Audio was given lower evaluation in terms of communication perception, as compared to other variables. Such result may be attributable to the fact that other elements such as visual images, etc., were excluded and only voice was used as a means of communication in the experimental contents of this study. Although the communication effect of single voice was confirmed through the experiment, there was difficulty in accepting the user contents, given that the communication target of the contents was two-dimensional and the transmission of information from other sensory organs was excluded.
Based on aforesaid results of experimental analysis, this study has the following implications:
First, it was found that VR content UIs, differentiated from the mode of UI interaction in the existing flat display experience environment, was needed. In realistic contents that stimulate human sensory organs and cognitive abilities, the maintenance of balance among sense organs such as visual, auditory, and tactile senses, etc., is important, as well as the sight. The UI, which can be naturally incorporated into the VR environment, is the most useful UI in the VR experience environment. It is important to utilize the sound which does not require investment in visual information design.
Second, it was found that there was a lack of study on the auditory interface based on Spatial Audio in VR contents. Currently, most studies on VR content user interface have focused on visual aspects, while the studies on Spatial Audio usually remain limited to technology implementation, directing elements, and audio with special sense. Thus, this study presented the possibility of a sound interface in VR contents, and an experiment was conducted for verification of such possibility.
Finally, a method for use of interactive UIs based on auditory sense was proposed through the process of creating and verifying the experimental contents. Audio interaction, made by using Spatial Audio during the experience with VR contents, was found to induce actions of users experiencing the VR contents, and such finding can be used in setting the courses for future studies. A conclusion was drawn that the interaction characteristics of auditory UI/UX, using the Spatial Audio in VR contents, had a significant effect.
This study showed the possibility of UI/UX tapping into auditory sense, shifting away from existing content interaction modes which mostly relied on visual UI/UX interaction, and presented the course for sound design involved in creation of VR contents. This researcher hopes that the results of this study would provide a basis for designing the spatial sound in virtual reality, useful for creation of VR contents that have sensory perception factors in balance.