Extremely Durable, Flexible Supercapacitors with Greatly Improved Performance at High Temperatures

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<P>The reliability and durability of energy storage devices are as important as their essential characteristics (<I>e.g.</I>, energy and power density) for stable power output and long lifespan and thus much more crucial under harsh conditions. However, energy storage under extreme conditions is still a big challenge because of unavoidable performance decays and the inevitable damage of components. Here, we report high-temperature operating, flexible supercapacitors (f-SCs) that can provide reliable power output and extreme durability under severe electrochemical, mechanical, and thermal conditions. The outstanding capacitive features (<I>e.g.</I>, ∼40% enhancement of the rate capability and a maximum capacitances of 170 F g<SUP>–1</SUP> and 18.7 mF cm<SUP>–2</SUP> at 160 °C) are attributed to facilitated ion transport at elevated temperatures. Under high-temperature operation and/or a flexibility test in both static and dynamic modes at elevated temperatures >100 °C, the f-SCs showed extreme long-term stability of 100000 cycles (>93% of initial capacitance value) and mechanical durability after hundreds of bending cycles (at bend angles of 60–180°). Even at 120 °C, the versatile design of tandem serial and parallel f-SCs was demonstrated to provide both desirable energy and power requirements at high temperatures.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B>
<IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2015/ancac3.2015.9.issue-8/acsnano.5b03732/production/images/medium/nn-2015-037329_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn5b03732'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>