Fabrication of complex superstructures by the self-assembly of building blocks is an emerging topic in nanoscience field. Bottom-up approaches of generating hierarchical structures have advantages of high efficiency for the synthesis of periodic struc...
Fabrication of complex superstructures by the self-assembly of building blocks is an emerging topic in nanoscience field. Bottom-up approaches of generating hierarchical structures have advantages of high efficiency for the synthesis of periodic structures in large scale, and wide variation of available structural pools by simple combinations of building blocks. The key issue of assembling colloidal building blocks into desired superstructure is the precise control of interaction between nanoparticles. In particular, nanoparticles designed to have directional attraction between particles with orthogonal repulsion were effective colloidal monomers which can generate chain-like superstructures. The formation of patches, which are specifically localized domains on the surface of a nanoparticle, is an effective strategy to achieve this goal. Utilizing the discrete properties of patches, the selective attraction can be induced between the patches of neighboring nanoparticles. Thus, by manipulating the number and position of patches in respect to repulsive parts on a nanoparticle, well-defined superstructures can be generated from the assemblies of patchy particles
Spherical micelles of block copolymer, which have the structure consisting of core and corona, can be converted into patchy micelles. By crosslinking the core parts followed by changing the solvent polarity preferable to the core but compatible to corona, the corona parts were reorganized into patches and patchy micelles were produced. The basic structure of patchy micelle, which has two patches positioned at the opposite site and divided by the exposed core part, is identical to the building blocks of linear superstructures. Therefore, by further increasing the solvent polarity to induce attraction force between patches, patchy micelles of diblock copolymers were assembled into supracolloidal chains.
The properties and structures of spherical micelles can be tuned by the characteristic properties of the block copolymers consisting of them. For example, specific functionality can be delivered into the micelle by the modification of a block. In addition, when block ratio and total molecular weight of a block copolymer were adjusted, the overall size and the corona thickness of the assembled micelle can be changed, which are related to the number and size of induced patches. Thus, it can be said that chemical modification of a block copolymer to change its characteristic properties is directly connected to the functionalization of induced patchy micelles and their assembled structures.
In this dissertation, various chemical modification methods in the level of block copolymers are mainly discussed, which eventually utilized for the functionalization of spherical micelles, patchy micelles and supracolloidal chains. In the Chapter 1, research background and objectives of the conducted researches are briefly introduced. In the Chapter 2, selective modification of a core- or corona-forming block in a diblock copolymer with a fluorescent dye is demonstrated. The fluorescent properties of dyes were transferred into the functionalized patchy micelles and their supracolloidal chains, which was confirmed by the direct observation of the emission with fluorescence confocal microscopy. In the Chapter 3, a strategy of converting crew-cut micelles into hairy micelles in solution state is demonstrated. By positioning the chain transfer agents at the ends of the short corona parts, they were located on the surfaces of crew-cut micelles. The modification of the micelles was conducted through surface-initiated polymerization, resulting in the direct transformation of crew-cut micelles into hairy micelles. Since the glassy cores were not changed owing to the advantage of light-mediated polymerization at ambient temperature, the corona parts were selectively extended with this method. These researches suggested that chemical modification techniques of diblock copolymer can effectively tune the properties and structures of their micellar states, expanding their potential applications particularly for light-emitting materials and libraries of available patchy micelles.