한·중·일 미술시장과 경기변동: 2005～2009년 미술시장을 중심으로 = The Art Market and Business Cycles during 2005〜2009 of Korea, China and Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the 21st century, the world art market had continued its upward trend until the end of 2007 after recovering from recession with a turning point in the 2004-2005 period. The art markets in Korea, China, and Japan representing Asia have also exhibited rising trends with vigorous art fairs and auctions starting from the 2004-2005 period and the interdependence among the 3 markets has expanded.
This paper aims to explore the structure of the art market structures, changes in the market size, and representative artists essential to the art market, by investigating the booms and busts of the art markets in Korea, China, and Japan representing Asia during the business cycle period of 2005-2009.
In particular, this monograph examines the stability of the art markets of the 3 countries and major artists crucial to the art markets, by looking into the changes in the market size during the recession since the end of 2007.
The data used in this research include auction results published on the websites of domestic auction firms, electronic public notices of the Financial Supervisory Service, announcements of the art fair organization committee, publications of the Korea Customs Service, etc. For Japan and China, statistical data published in art magazines, papers, and reports have also been utilized. The common data on representative artists in the 3 countries were extracted from the annual reports such as Art Market Trends and Contemporary Art Market published by Artprice in France.
Korea had experienced drastic reduction in art sales in 2008 and 2009 due to the unstable market size during the business cycle. For instance, the total sales of the five major Korean art galleries decreased from 405.6billion won in 2007 to 222.9 billion won in 2008, and the Korean auction market had shrunk from 192.6 billion won in 2007 to 119.1 billion won in 2008 and 70.1 billion won in 2009 displaying minus 38% and minus 41%growth rates for two consecutive years. Major artists during this period include Lee Ufan, Kim Whanki, Park Sookeun, Kim Dong Yoo, Kang Hyung Koo, Suh Doho.
China quickly recovered in 2009 thanks to the political stability and rapid economic growth after a brief downturn influenced by the global economic recession in 2008. The size of the auction market contracted from 23.4 billion yuan in 2007 to 18.3 billion yuan in 2008 with a 17.8% fall and recovered a little to 21.2 billion yuan with a 15.9% rise. Leading artists are Zeng Fanzhi, Zhang Xiaogang, Chen Yifei, Qi Baishi,Zhang Daqian, Zao Wouki among others.
The auction market in Japan exhibited poor market conditions showing even changes in rankings among the top auction firms such as Shinwa, Mainichi, AJC, and Est-Ouest, because of the decline in the premium (high-price) market and the rise in the medium-low price market. The amount of successful bids was diminished from 22 billion yen in 2007 to 15.7 billion yen in 2008 with a 28.5% fall and to 9.9 billion yen 2009 with a 37% drop. Principal artists are Murakami Takashi, Nara Yoshitomo, Sugimoto Hiroshi, Matsuura Hiroyuki, and Aida Makoto for this period in Japan.

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