네트워크 중심성이 협조적 행동에 미치는 영향:조직 동일시의 매개역할을 중심으로 = Effects of Network Centrality on Cooperative Behavior: Mediating Role of Organizational Identification

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 최근 들어 조직의 성과와 경쟁력을 좌우하는 중요한 요소로 부각되고 있는 조직 시민 행동의 선행요인으로 사회 네트워크와 조직 동일시에 주목하고, 조직 동일시의 매개역할을 실증적으로 살펴보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 기존의 연구와 달리 네트워크의 서로 다른 유형에 주목하여 친구 네트워크와 조언 네트워크를 구분하여 연구를 진행하였다. 이를 위하여 일반적인 기업이 아닌 학생 오케스트라 2개의 샘플을 선정하고 완전 네트워크(complete network) 자료를 수집하였다(N=37+66=103). 연구 결과, 첫째, 기존의 연구 결과와는 달리 친구 네트워크에서 내향연결중심성은 협조적 행동과는 관련이 없는 데 비해 조언 네트워크에서 내향연결중심성은 정(+)의 관계를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회 네트워크가 협조적 행동에 영향을 주는 경로에 있어서 조직 동일시가 매개 변수로서의 역할을 수행하였다. 다시 말하면, 조직 내에서 네트워크에서 내향연결중심성이 높은 위치를 차지할수록 동료를 향한 협조적 행동을 많이 하게 되는 것은 네트워크에서 중심적인 위치를 차지하는 개인일수록 조직에 대한 동일시 정도가 높기 때문이다. 본 연구의 결과는 협조적 행동을 유발하는 결정 요인으로서 사회 네트워크를 고려하는 데 있어 네트워크의 유형을 구분해야한다는 것을 입증하였으며, 조직 동일시가 사회 구조와 협조적 행동을 잇는 가교 역할을 한다는 점을 밝혔다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 또한, 프로젝트 팀 조직과 같은 임시 네트워크의 성격을 띈 조직에서 협조적 행동을 유발하는 것은 정서적 소통을 기반으로 하는 친구 네트워크가 아니라 도구적 속성을 보이는 조언 네트워크라는 것을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 임시 네트워크 조직의 특성을 띄는 조직에서의 협조적 행동 유발전략에 있어 실제적 함의를 제시하고 있다.

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