세익스피어 소네트 116 낭송의 음향음성학적 분석 = An Acoustic Analysis of Reciting Son.116

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to show the difference between English-native speakers and Korean-native speakers in reciting Son.116. and to identify the acoustic characteristics of English-native speakers in reciting the sonnet lines unmatched between metrical position and linguistic stress. Three acoustic characteristics (duration, intensity and pitch) are measured to analyze the recitation of Son.116. For English-native speakers, the nPVI-V(duration), nPVI-V(intensity) and nPVI-V(pitch) are higher than those of Korean-native speakers. The final-phrase lengthening at the final foot makes the largest duration difference between weak and strong position. When the prominence of vowel duration matches that of vowel intensity, the range of duration change becomes larger, which results in the higher nPVI-V(duration). For English-native speakers, the vowel duration of strong position is not longer than that of weak position in case there are two unstressed or stressed syllables in the metrical foot. The change pattern of the vowel intensity shows a strong resemblance to that of vowel pitch. The change pattern of pitch does not correspond to the metrical positions.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 손일권, "세익스피어 소네트(Sonnets)의 율격과 낭송" 한국언어학회 30 (30): 443-462, 2005

2 Fitzgerald, C., "Word order and discourse genre in Tohono O’odham, In Formal Approaches to Function in Grammar" John Benjamins 179-189, 2003

3 Ladefoged, P., "Vowels and Consonants" Blackwell Publishers 2001

4 Chen, M., "Vowel length variation as a function of the voicing of the consonant environment" 22 : 129-159, 1970

5 Hayes, B., "The role of phonological phrasing in sung and chanted verse" 13 : 243-303, 1996

6 Kiparsky, P., "The rhythmic structure of English verse" 8 : 189-248, 1977

7 Hayes, B., "The prosodic hierarchy in meter, In Phonetics and Phonology 1: Rhythm and Meter" Academic Press 201-260, 1989

8 Hayes. B, "The phonology of rhythm in English" 15 : 33-74, 1984

9 Golston, C., "The phonology of classical Greek meter" 38 : 99-167, 2000

10 Nicol, J., "The on-line study of sentence comprehension : An examination of dual task paradigms" 35 (35): 215-231, 2006

11 Fitzgerald, C., "The meter of Tohono O’odham songs" 64 (64): 1-36, 1998

12 Shakespeare, W., "The Sonnets" Cambridge University Press 1996

13 Attridge, D., "The Rhythms of English Poetry" Longman 1982

14 Kent, R. D., "The Acoustic Analysis of Speech" Singular Publishing 2002

15 Kiparsky, P., "Stress, syntax, and meter" 51 : 576-616, 1975

16 Kiparsky, P., "Sprung rhythm, In Phonetic and Phonology 1: Rhythm and Meter" Academic Press 305-340, 1989

17 Wightman, C. W., "Segmental durations in the vicinity of prosodic phrase boundaries" 91 : 1707-1717, 1992

18 Hanson, K., "Resolution in Modern Meters" Stanford University 1992

19 Low, E. L., "Quantitative characterizations of speech rhythm : Syllable-timing in Singapore English" 43 (43): 377-401, 2000

20 Foss, D.J., "Psycholinguistics: An Introduction to the Psychology of Language" Prentice Hall 1978

21 Raphael, L., "Preceding vowel duration as a cue to the perception of the voicing characteristic of word-final consonants in English" 51 : 1296-1303, 1972

22 Hammond, M., "Poetic meter and the arboreal grid" 67 (67): 240-259, 1991

23 Kiparsky, P., "Metrics and music in meter" Toronto University 1999

24 Hayes, B., "Metrical Stress Theory: Principles and Case Studies" University of Chicago Press 1995

25 Klatt, D. H., "Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English: acoustic and perceptual evidence" 59 (59): 1208-1220, 1976

26 Hayes, B., "Faithfulness and componentiality in metrics" UCLA 2000

27 Halle, M., "English Stress, its Form, its Growth, and its Role in Verse" Harper & Row 1971

28 Grabe, E., "Durational variability in speech and the rhythm class hypothesis, In Papers in Laboratory Phonology 7" Mouton de Gruyter 515-546, 2002

29 Golston, C., "Constraint-based metrics" 16 : 719-770, 1998

30 Halle, M., "Chaucer and the study of prosody" 3 : 187-219, 1966

31 Hanson, K., "A parametric theory of poetic meter" 72 (72): 287-335, 1996

32 Hayes. B., "A grid-based theory of English meter" 14 : 357-393, 1983

33 Ladefoged, P., "A Course in Phonetics" Thomson Wadsworth 2006