Experimental and finite element analysis of residual stress and distortion in GTA welding of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper, investigation of residual stress and distortion induced in 3 mm thick Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel plates during GTA weldingis carried out. SYSWELD software is used for the thermo-mechanical analysis. A 3D meshed model is created for the simulation anddouble ellipsoidal heat source distribution is used for the thermal analysis. Thermal cycles predicted near the fusion zone are comparedwith experimentally measured thermal cycles using thermocouples. Predicted residual stress profile across the fusion zone is comparedwith the measured profile using X-ray diffraction method. There is a good agreement between measured and predicted thermal cyclesand residual stress profile. Distortion of the weld joint is measured using vertical electronic height gauge. Finite element analysis of distortionof the weld joint is carried out by applying both large and small distortion theories. Comparison of experimental and numericalresults showed better accuracy if large distortion theory is applied.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 M. Seyyedian, "effect of geometrical parameters on distortion in butt welded plates" 48 (48): 258-268, 2013

2 B. Raj, "X-ray diffraction based residual stress measurement for assessment of fatigue damage and rejuvenation process for undercarriages of aircraft" 28 (28): 157-162, 2009

3 A. Yaghi, "Thermomechanical modeling of weld microstructure and residual stresses in P91 pipes" 4 (4): 113-123, 2009

4 C. Darcourt, "Thermo-mechanical analysis applied to the laser beam welding for aeronautical structure" 120 : 785-792, 2004

5 P. Zeng, "Thermal elastic plastic finite element analysis for laser welding deformation of thin plate" 650 : 572-576, 2013

6 S. Fazludin, "The use of advanced material in VHTR’s" 2004

7 D. Deng, "The prediction of welding residual stress in multi-pass butt-welded modified 9Cr-1Mo steel pipe considering phase transformation effects" 37 (37): 209-219, 2006

8 M. J. Attarha, "Study on welding temperature distribution in thin welded plate through experimental and finite element simulation" 211 (211): 688-694, 2011

9 SYSWELD, "SYSWELD Tool Box"

10 A. Yaghi, "Residual stress simulation of welded section of P91 pipes" 209 (209): 3905-3913, 2009

11 I. C. Noyan, "Residual stress Measurement by Diffraction and Interpretation" Springer-Verlag 1987

12 P. Mollicone, "Procedural influences on non-linear distortion in welded thin plate fabrication" 46 : 1021-1034, 2008

13 D. Deng, "Prediction of welding distortion in curved plate structure by means of elastic finite element method" 203 (203): 252-266, 2008

14 H. Long, "Prediction of welding distortion in butt joint of thin plate" 30 (30): 4126-4135, 2009

15 D. Li, "Prediction of welding distortion in 304 stainless steel" 137 : 419-423, 2012

16 D. Deng, "Prediction of welding distortion and residual stress in a thin plate butt welded joint" 43 (43): 353-365, 2008

17 M. V. Deo, "Prediction of buckling distortion of welded structures" 8 (8): 55-61, 2003

18 D. Yan, "Predicting residual distortion of aluminum alloy stiffened sheet after friction stir welding by numerical simulation" 32 : 2284-2291, 2011

19 E. Josserand, "Numerical simulation of welding induced distortion taking in to account industrial clamping condition" 8 : 1105-1124, 2007

20 A. M. Monfared, "Numerical simulation of welding distortion in thin plate" 12 (12): 187-194, 2012

21 D. Deng, "Numerical simulation of welding distortion in large structure" 196 (196): 4613-4627, 2007

22 T. Srikas, "Numerical simulation of laser welding process in butt joints joint specimens" 134 (134): 59-69, 2003

23 S. Kim, "Numerical prediction and neutron diffraction measurement of residual stress for modified 9Cr-1Mo steel" 167 (167): 480-487, 2005

24 C. S. Kim, "Nonlinear robust control of a hydraulic elevator" 13 (13): 789-803, 2005

25 M. Seyyedian, "Investigation of the effect of clamping on residual stresses and distortions in butt welded plates" 17 (17): 387-394, 2010

26 J. Wang, "Investigation of on twisting distortion of thin plate stiffened structure under welding" 212 : 1705-1715, 2012

27 A. Yaghi, "Finite element simulation of welding and residual stresses in a P91 steel pipe incorporating solid state phase transformation and post weld heat treatment" 43 (43): 275-293, 2008

28 F. Kolahan, "Finite element simulation of post-buckling distortion for thin plate welding positioned by fixture" 74 : 77-81, 2011

29 A. A. Deshpande, "Finite element based parametric study on welding induced distortion of TIG welded stainless" 46 (46): 267-279, 2011

30 M. Zain, "Experimental investigation and finite element simulation of laser beam welding induced residual stress and distortion in thin sheets of AA 6056-T4" 527 (527): 3025-3039, 2010

31 D. Deng, "Experimental and numerical investigation of welding distortion induced by CO2gas arc welding in thin bead-on-plate joints" 52 : 720-729, 2013

32 J. Wang, "Experimental and computational analysis of residual buckling distortion of bead-on-plate welded joint" 213 (213): 1447-1458, 2013

33 B. D. Cullity, "Elements of X-ray diffraction" Prentice Hall 2001

34 T. Teng, "Effect of welding condition on residual stress due to butt welds" 75 (75): 857-864, 1998

35 V. Kumar, "Effect of activated flux on the microstructure and mechanical properties of modified 9Cr-1MO steel weld joint" 27 (27): 1171-1177, 2012

36 "Design description document of Indian-LLCB blanket (INLLCB DDD)"

37 C. Heinze, "Dependency of martensite start temperature on prior austenite grain size and its influence on welding induced residual stresses" 69 (69): 251-260, 2013

38 L. E. Lindgren, "Computational welding mechnaics" Addison-Woodhead Publication Ltd 2007

39 J. J. Del, "Comparative analysis of TIG welding distortion between austenitic and duplex stainless steel by FEM" 30 : 2448-2459, 2010

40 J. Goldak, "A new finite element model for welding heat sources" 15 (15): 299-305, 1984