병자호란 시기 조선인 포로 문제에 대한 재론

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The pain and damages that the war with the Manchu inflicted upon the Joseon people were huge and horrific. Countless Joseon people were killed in the Qing invasion, and hundreds of thousands of people were captured and brought back to Qing. Outgoing population which mounted to hundreds of thousands significantly disturbed the political stability of Joseon and also severly undermined the social and economic basis of the Joseon society. And the Qing dynasty tried to force the Joseon hands to do whatever Qing wanted them to do, by exploiting no other than the 'captives' issue.
The reason so many people were captured during the war with the Manchu which starred in the Byeongja year was because Qing troops were overly interested in capturing people. They considered captives as 'achievements that cost Manchu blood', and therefore deeply committed themselves to obtaining more and more captives. They also strongly required that the fled Juhwae people to be returned to them immediately. Yet the Joseon government was also responsible for such situation. It anticipated Qing's invasion yet did not do enough to defend the country. Military commanders guarding the frontline abandoned their posts without fighting the invading forces, and allowed the Qing troops to come deeper inside Korean territory. The commanders in the Ganghwa - do island restricted the boat traffic in order to prevent residents in the outskirt areas of the capital from entering Ganghwa - do, yet failed to come up with an adequate defense plan of the island itself.
The captives had to endure brutal and cruel treatments. From their initial captivity by the Qing forces, to their encampment at the Qing military bases, on their transport to Shenyang, and after their arrival in Shenyang, before they either escaped or were returned to Joseon, they had to suffer in pain and remain being frightened of the ever - present possibility of an imminent death.
The Joseon government tried to bring them back, but it was never an easy task. High ranking officials and other wealthy figures intervened in the negotiations and jacked - up the price for bringing someone back, and the governmental officials too committed a series of malpractices and misdeeds in the actual process of bringing the captives home. Also, the government did not do enough to care for the people who fled back to Joseon or returned to their home country. After a few years, the issue was reduced from a 'government - involved issue' to an 'individual errand'. The episode of An Chu Weon and An Dan who tried to escape Qing after decades of captivity yet failed to do so, were typically tragic examples.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 머리말
• 1. 전쟁 피해의 양상과 ‘피로인 문제’의 심각성
• 2. 대규모 피로인 발생의 원인과 주회인 문제
• 3. 피로인들의 고통
• 4. 정부의 ‘피로인 문제’ 대책과 귀결
• 5. 안추원과 안단의 비극
• 맺음말
• Abstract

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