Safe water from every tap : improving water service to small communities

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Executive Summary = 1
• 1 Small Water Supply Systems : An Unsolved Problem = 12
• Increasing Number of Small Systems = 13
• Increasing Number of Water Supply Regulations = 15
• Increasing Responsibilities for Local and State Governments = 18
• References = 22
• 2 Status of Small Water Systems = 24
• Financial Resource Limitations in Small Communities = 24
• Compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act in Small Communities = 28
• Health Risks of Inadequate Drinking Water Treatment = 35
• Adequacy of Water Treatment and Distribution Systems in Small Communities = 41
• Conclusions = 44
• References = 45
• 3 Technologies for the Small System = 48
• Treatment Technologies : Overview = 49
• Technologies for All Systems = 63
• Technologies for Systems with Ground Water Sources = 88
• Technologies for Systems with Surface Water Sources = 99
• Centralized Operation Through Automation and Remote Monitoring and Control = 114
• Options Other Than Centralized Treatment = 116
• Conclusion = 127
• References = 129
• 4 Evaluating Technologies for Small Systems = 132
• Current Requirements for Pilot Testing = 133
• Establishing a Third-Party Certification Program = 134
• Protocols for Technology Testing : Principles= 136
• Technology-Specificl Testing Requirements = 137
• Matching Operator Skill to Equipment Complexity = 147
• Centralizing Data Collection = 148
• Conclusion = 149
• Recommendations = 150
• References = 152
• 5 Ensuring Small Water Supply System Sustainability = 153
• What Is Sustainable? = 153
• Regulatory Options for Promoting Sustainability = 155
• Public Health Performance Appraisals = 158
• Other Nonproliferation Tools = 166
• Utility Options for Improving Sustainability = 167
• Implementing Changes to Promote Sustainability = 183
• Conclusion = 184
• Recommendations = 185
• References = 186
• 6 Training Operators for Small Systems = 187
• Limitations of Exisiting Training Programs = 188
• Proposed improvements for Training Programs = 193
• Implementation = 201
• Conclusion = 203
• Recommendations = 204
• References = 204
• Appendix : Committee on Small Water Supply Systems Biographical Information = 205
• Index = 211