공동체의 연대와 협력의 기반이 되는 ‘조건 없는 베풂’에 대한 연구: 선물교환 관점에서 타임뱅크 사례분석을 중심으로 = A Study on ‘Unconditional Giving’ which is the basis of community solidarity and cooperation: Focusing on Time Bank Case Analysis from a gift exchange perspective

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the theoretical discussion of unconditional giving ("logic of gifts") as a reciprocity that activates community solidarity and cooperation and analyzed the case of Time Bank operated by the logic of gift exchange to obtain implications for creating relationships between people and forming, maintaining, and strengthening communities.
As a result of the study, it was found that gift exchange is no other than a social process of mutual recognition through gifts, and what is important in gift exchange, which is a mutual recognition process, is not the object exchanged, but the social ties formed through it, and the ‘relationship’ between the recipients. In other words, by continuously giving and receiving gifts, which are expressions of acknowledging each other, relationships are formed, trust is built, and social solidarity and community are maintained and strengthened. Through the Time Bank case analysis, it was possible to derive the key factors that cause the virtuous cycle of futures exchange. The elements are members’ ‘asset’-based help activities, progress according to open and systematic procedures and rules, the operating principle of multidimensional reciprocity that contains various human needs, and an organic growth method that grows on the basis of the ambiguous boundaries of the community and the network of relationships that each participant has in their daily lives. The implications for community revitalization are that first, in order to form and strengthen a community, a 136 NGO연구 제19권 제3호multidimensional operating principle in which the logic of unconditional giving coexists with the logic of exchange or obligation, and the act of unconditional giving must be mutual, not one-way altruism. Second, it is the importance of an ‘asset/capability’ based approach of residents in revitalizing the community. Activities based on ‘asset/capability’ not only expand the breadth and layer of participants, but also lead to active attitudes/activities of participants. Therefore, an asset-based approach is an inevitable condition for the unconditional act of giving to be reciprocal. Third, it is an open and systematic measurement of unconditional giving activities. And there should be a system of compensation and recognition (audit and praise) for unconditional giving activities. Finally, for the expansion and growth of the community, it is necessary to connect the network that each individual has with his or her neighbors to the community.

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