현대중국어 ‘X勁兒’구문 연구 = A Study on the “X勁兒” Sentence Structure in Modern Chinese

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to examine the “X勁兒” structure as a syntax in the modern Chinese language and to confirm the existence of a sentence structure, then look into the internal pattern of the “X勁兒” structure and to contemplate on the extended inheritance of the “X勁兒” structure and its mechanism. The major details of this study are as follows.
First, the “X勁兒” structure was seen as a partially productive marked structure. The sentence structure takes on a partially open form due to the substitutability of “X” and, at the same time, because it shows limitations when choosing “X” – it is only receptive to some adjectives and nouns, while not receptive to all types of vocabulary. The “X勁兒” structure can further be categorized into the “A勁兒” structure and the “N勁兒’”.
Second, the meaning of the “A勁兒” structure expresses a person’s mental state, emotion, and disposition, or the state of an environment. Most of the adjectives (98.7%) that are used in the “A勁兒” structure are descriptive adjectives. In the case of adjectives used in the “A勁兒” structure, 77.8 percent are two syllable adjectives, while 20.9 percent are one syllable adjectives.
Third, the “N勁兒” structure is a new form found in modern Chinese, that is not yet commonly used. Nouns that come before a “N勁兒” structure are common nouns and proper nouns. The “N勁兒” structure expresses the disposition of a person or “N”. In general, “N” has a noticeable attribute, or is a specific person, place or a type of person whose attributes are easily vitalized by the listener.
Fourth, nouns cannot express an attribute or a state. However, when it is inserted into an “A勁兒” structure, it loses its original nature to designate due to the pressure of the sentence structure, and is used as an adjective that has a definition expressing degree by slightly adjusting the meaning, ultimately able to express an attribute or a state. As such usage and interpretation became fixed, the “N勁兒” structure also established itself as an independent sentence structure. This research paper confirmed that the noun used in the “N勁兒” structure was pressured by the “A勁兒” structure based on two mechanisms, namely “metonymy” and the “principle of economic feasibility”. Furthermore, these two mechanisms are not completely separated, but rather connected to one another.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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9 "CCL(北京大學漢語語言學硏究中心)"

10 "BCC(北京語言大學漢語語料庫)"