Bach Cantata No.4의 분석 = An analysis of Bach's Cantata No.4

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

J. S. Bach composed more than 1,100 pieces of music and a half of these are religious music for voice.
Because of the enormous number of works, it is difficult to describe Bach's distinct music style and characteristics in simple one sentence. This thesis will be focused on his church cantata No.4 and its purpose is to aid understanding of German cantata which is an important part of Baroque religious music.
Among Bach's 300 cantatas, about 50 works are secular cantatas for special occasions and festivals, and the rest 250 are religious cantata for church service. These church cantatas are spiritual offering of Bach's sincere religiosity and also they helped the development of other vocal music genre such as motert, oratorio, mass and passion.
Church cantat No.0 was composed during Bach's own muhlhausen period(107~1707) and is considered to be the eraly cantata later served as a model for church cantatas. Most of cantatas from this period followed early german cantatatyle which is a cmbination of German church chorale and Baroque concerto for voice. This cantata calls for a small choir and a small chamber orchestra, and consis of sinfonia and seven versus.
In this work, seven versus make up an arch form in which the fourth serves and a central axis : the third and the fifth, the second and the sixth, and the first and the seventh are in pairs. Each pair shares the same form, and the vocal parts are all in bar form. Bach made use of Luther's hymm text Scriptural reference to the 'Passover Lamb' and all versus are in 4/4 except for the fifth in 3/4. This entire work is in eminor but occasional use of modulation and tonicization adds variety, and Leit motive of Sinfonia is used throughout the piecel Besides, chorale fantasy based on chorale melody, vertical use of modes, counterpoint, canon and chorale-painting techniques are also found.
The artistic spirit of Baroque was successfull melted in church music by bach. Also the introduction of various Baroque musical expression and techniques result in outstanding cantatas. Therefore, his cantatas represent harmonious artwork of Baroque style and are regarded as prerequisit for general understanding of vocal, instrumental and religious music of Baroque period.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• 1. 연구의 목적
• 2. 연구 범위
• 3. 연구 방법
• Ⅱ. 본론
• 1. 칸타타의 기원과 독일 칸타타
• 2. 바하 칸타타의 분류
• 3. 바하 칸타타의 양식
• 4. 작품 분석을 통한 고찰
• Ⅲ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT