기초 문해력, 디지털 리터러시, AI 리터러시의 구조적 관계 분석 = An Analysis of the Structural Relationship among Literacy, Digital Literacy, and AI Literacy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the structural relationships among basic literacy, digital literacy, and AI literacy in university students and tested the mediating role of digital literacy in the association between basic literacy and AI literacy. Participants were undergraduate students across multiple disciplines enrolled in four-year universities with campuses in Gyeongbuk and Gyeonggi provinces during the second semester of 2025.After excluding cases with missing data, responses from 182 students were included in the analyses. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were conducted using SPSS 31.0, and path analysis with competing model comparison was performed using AMOS31.0. To assess the significance of the indirect effects, a bootstrap mediation analysis was conducted with PROCESS Macro (model 4) using 5,000 bootstrap samples. The results indicated that basic literacy showed a positive effect on digital literacy, and digital literacy had a significant positive effect on AI literacy. In contrast, the direct effect of basic literacy on AI literacy was not statistically significant. Competing model comparisons supported a full mediation model, suggesting that basic literacy influences AI literacy primarily through digital literacy. Bootstrapping results further confirmed a significant indirect effect. These findings imply that fostering AI literacy in higher education should not focus solely on training the use of AI tools; rather, a staged instructional approach that strengthens basic literacy and digital literacy as foundational competencies is required.