The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of mentalization on the relationship between insecure adult attachment and loneliness among unmarried young adults. The research questions were as follows:
First, what are the correlatio...
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of mentalization on the relationship between insecure adult attachment and loneliness among unmarried young adults. The research questions were as follows:
First, what are the correlational relationships among insecure adult attachment, mentalization, and loneliness among unmarried young adults in the Seoul metropolitan area?
Second, is the mediating effect of mentalization in the relationship between insecure adult attachment and loneliness statistically significant?
An online self-report survey was conducted from September 20 to October 12, 2025, targeting unmarried young adults in the Seoul metropolitan area. Of the 345 questionnaires collected, 341 were used for final analysis after excluding 4 responses with insufficient responses or outliers. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 30.0 and SPSS Process Macro Model 4.2, including reliability analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, mediation effect analysis, and bootstrapping. The results were as follows. First, insecure adult attachment, mentalization, and loneliness were all significantly correlated. Insecure adult attachment showed a positive correlation with loneliness and a negative correlation with mentalization, indicating that higher levels of attachment insecurity were associated with lower mentalization and higher loneliness. Second, mentalization was found to significantly mediate the relationship between insecure adult attachment and loneliness. Insecure attachment not only directly increased loneliness but also indirectly heightened loneliness by reducing mentalization abilities.
Furthermore, gender, living arrangement, and relationship status were included as covariates. Gender showed no significant effect on either mentalization or loneliness, suggesting that loneliness among unmarried young adults is better explained by internal psychological mechanisms rather than gender differences. Living arrangement had a minor effect only on mentalization but not on loneliness, indicating that loneliness is influenced more by individuals' interpretive and emotional-processing styles than by physical isolation. Relationship status also did not directly predict loneliness but showed a small association with mentalization, implying that relational interactions may contribute to the activation of mentalizing capacities rather than directly reducing loneliness.
Overall, loneliness in unmarried young adults is more fundamentally shaped by insecure adult attachment and mentalization than by external demographic factors. These findings highlight the importance of assessing attachment patterns and strengthening mentalization capacities in counseling and clinical settings, as such interventions may help alleviate loneliness and improve relational functioning among young adults.