한국 소아 청소년의 비만 및 저체중 유병률 변화: 1998-2008 = Changes in Prevalence of Obesity and Underweight among Korean Children and Adolescents: 1998-2008

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구배경: 최근 10년간 한국 소아 청소년의 평균 체중, 체질량지수, 허리둘레의 변화 양상을 기술하고자 하였다.

방법: 1998년도와 2008년도에 이루어진 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 10~18세 소아 청소년 총 2,820명(남아 1,478명, 여아 1,342명)을 대상으로 하였다. 10년간의 성별 및 연령별 체중, 체질량지수, 허리둘레의 평균값과 저체중, 과체중 및 비만유병률의 변화를 분석하였다.

결과: 2008년도 남아의 체중, 체질량지수, 허리둘레는 1998년에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였으나, 여아에서는 전체 조사대상 연령에 걸쳐 유의한 변화는 발견되지 않았다. 남아의 경우 비만의 유병률(1998 vs 2008; 4.6% vs 8.2%)과 과체중의 유병률(1998 vs 2008; 6.3% vs 14.7%)은 증가하였다.

반면에 여아의 경우 과체중, 비만의 유병률은 최근 10년간 유의한 변화는 없었으나, 사춘기가 시작되는 초등학교 연령에서저체중의 유병률이 증가하였다(1998 vs 2008; 4.8% vs 9.4%).

결론: 최근 10여 년간 한국 소아 청소년의 비만 지수의 변화양상을 살펴본 결과, 남아는 비만 및 과체중의 유병률이 증가하였고, 여아는 사춘기 시작 연령에서 저체중이 증가하였다. 따라서 한국 소아 청소년의 표준체중 유지 및 건강한 생활을 영위하기 위한 연령과 성별에 따른 차별화된 보건정책이요구된다.

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