This study aims at establishing principles of pedagogical grammar for Korean language education in the organization, selection, and sequencing of grammatical entries, as well as for grammar description and grammar teaching methods. In addition, this s...
This study aims at establishing principles of pedagogical grammar for Korean language education in the organization, selection, and sequencing of grammatical entries, as well as for grammar description and grammar teaching methods. In addition, this study attempt to investigate inductively the principles of teaching grammar by applying these principles to teaching speculative expressions.
The first chapter of this study is dedicated to expressing its goals and to a review of the literature. A review of existing research reveals that in teaching Korean grammar, the selection, sequencing, and grammar description of speculative expressions have been conducted empirically, rather than according to consistent teaching principles. Based on these findings, the present study expresses the necessity of principles of pedagogical grammar in the teaching of Korean grammar, and introduces research subjects and methods to this end.
In the second chapter, in order to provide theoretical background, the position of Korean grammar education is clarified, and the directions in teaching grammar at the discourse level are presented. Teaching Korean grammar remains on the level of application, and the content required for teaching is selected and organized based on studies of theoretical grammar. The teaching of grammar should include sentence grammar, discourse grammar, and pragmatic functions, so that it will perform on the discourse level. Grammar entries should be constituted of units of authentic language usage, and grammar descriptions should include forms, semantics, and pragmatic information.
The third chapter investigates the organization, typology, and characteristics of Korean grammar entries. Criteria for selecting grammar entries are established, and the question of whether, according to these criteria, the speculative expressions in Korean textbooks have been appropriately selected is examined.
Grammar entries consist of specific grammar items used for teaching Korean grammar. In order to organize grammatical entries, grammar items related to content should be selected and reorganized into the forms required for education. Among grammar entries, those composed of multiple constructions are referred to as expression entries. The speculative expressions dealt with in this study make up one portion of those grammar entries composed of multiple constructions.
The present study establishes four criteria for selecting Korean grammatical entries. First, Korean grammatical entries should select core items of Korean grammar content. Second, they should be constituted of necessary components. Third, they should consider the aspects of general language use. And, fourth, they should select pedagogically applicable items.
In the fourth chapter, the criteria for and method of sequencing grammatical entries according to syllabi is investigated, and the criteria for sequencing grammatical entries in a communicative function-based syllabi are presented. And, according to these criteria, the speculative expressions are sequenced. In Korean language education, syllabi are divided into two groups: grammar based and communicative function-based. When those communicative function-based syllabi that aim at teaching grammar at the discourse level sequence grammar items, thet consider the following order: function, frequency of use, ease of teaching and learning. Actual frequency of languages use was examined in order to apply these criteria to speculative expressions, and, in accordance with the results, a teaching order for speculative expressions is suggested.
In the fifth chapter, principles of grammar description at the discourse level are investigated, and the content of grammar description for speculative expressions in Korean language textbooks and grammar books is examined. In addiction, the results of studies on the Korean language are reflected, and the content of grammar relating to speculative expressions is described.
For teaching grammar at the discourse level, grammar description should include forms, meanings and pedagogical grammar should be appropriately simplified into those forms required for teaching, and it should describe the similarities and differences with other grammatical entries. The method of description should be clear and familiar to learners. Based on this principle of description, this study presents speculative expressions in to ways: comparative description between expressions and individual descriptions of expressions. Bottom-up and top-down models for teaching grammar are explode in chapter six, and, according to them, a lesson plan for speculative expressions is presented. Since, in the bottom-up model, grammar is presented and instructed as an isolated form, it is difficult to provide the ability to use grammar in communication situations. Accordingly, on each level of model a device for grammar instruction in discourse is displayed. The top-down model, on the other hand, basically aims at performing communicative function so that how grammatical accuracy is achieved becomes a significant factor. Thus, this study emphasizes awareness of grammatical items in the course of executing tasks and the improvement of grammatical accuracy.
This study is significant in that it attempts to systematize the teaching of grammar by establishing principles for the selection and arrangement of grammatical entries, as well as for grammar description. It also possesses merit in that it explores specific principles and directions for the contents of Korean grammar studies to be recognized and applied to pedagogical Korean grammar by associating studies of grammar and actual pedagogical grammar. Finally, this study also has significance in that it presents pedagogical information on speculative expressions by organizing the contents of grammar descriptions of speculative expressions, which were heretofore completely absent from the results of studies on Korean grammar.