재난피해자의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인 = Psychosocial factors affecting the quality of life of disaster victims: focusing on the differences between single-person and multi-person households

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 1인가구와 다인가구 재난피해자의 삶의 질 수준과 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인을 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구 자료는 재난피해자 삶의 변화 추적패널 3차년도 자료를 활용하였다. 최종분석은 20세 이상 성인 1,301명의 자료를 분석하였으며, 1인가구와 다인가구별로 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1인가구 재난피해자 보다 다인가구 재난피해자의 삶의 질 수준이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 1인가구와 다인가구의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인은 다르게 나타났다. 심리사회적 요인 중 회복탄력성, 우울, 주관적 건강상태, 공동체 탄력성은 모든 가구유형의 재난피해자의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 유의미한 공통 예측요인으로 나타났다. 반면, 1인가구 재난피해자의 삶의 질에는 외상 후 스트레스 장애만이 유의미한 예측 요인으로 나타났다. 다인가구 재난피해자의 경우에는 사회적 지지와 구호지원 및 배분 서비스 만족도가 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 새로운 예측 요인으로 분석되었다. 이를 토대로 가구유형별 재난피해자의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 정책적 및 실천적 함의를 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aimed to examine the level of quality of life (QOL) and the psychological and social factors influencing QOL among single-person and multi-person household disaster victims. This study utilized the third-year data from the Disaster Victims Panel Survey. The final analysis included data from 1,301 adults aged 20 and above, and multiple regression analyses were conducted separately for single-person and multi-person households. The main findings of this study are as follows: It was found that the level of QOL among multi-person household disaster victims was higher than that of single-person household disaster victims. Additionally, different psychological and social factors influencing QOL were observed between single-person and multi-person households. Among the psychosocial factors, resilience, depression, self-rated health status, and community resilience were identified as significant common predictors influencing the QOL of disaster victims in all household types. On the other hand, for single-person household disaster victims, only post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) emerged as a significant predictor of QOL. In the case of multi-person household disaster victims, social support and satisfaction with relief and distribution services emerged as new predictive factors influencing QOL. Based on these findings, policy and practical implications for improving the QOL of disaster victims according to household types are suggested.

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