일본 분점국회의 교착상태에서 본 양원제의 문제점과 해결방안 = The Problem of Bicameralism Examined by an Analysis on the Gridlock in Divided Diet of Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Bicameralism is adopted because it is expected to represent various will of the people and prevent the thoughtlessness, absolutism, and decay of the Lower House. Accordingly, it is natural and rational that different parties take power of each House and the conflict between two Houses takes place. In Japan, by the advent of 'divided diet', the Diet is in the limelight of mass communication. But because of the gridlock caused by divided diet, a political vacuum takes place and Japanese people criticize the Diet. The cause of the gridlock is politicalization of Senate, a defect of the institution to settle conflicts between two Houses, the political culture based on precedent and agreement.


To make use of merits of bicameralism, that is redundancy and representation, and to reduce the gridlock, by the case study on Japan's divided diet, two systems are indispensable. First, we must minimize the overlapping of two Houses within the limit of redundancy principle. Second, we must weaken the party discipline and strengthen autonomy of Senate, and rearrange the institution to settle conflicts between two Houses efficiently.

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