Status of Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Cost Analysis in USA = 미국의 원전해체 비용평가 기초자료 및 동향 분석

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Assessment of NPP(Nuclear Power Plant) decommissioning cost is very important for safe decommissioning of nuclear power plants. In the United States, which has the most NPP decommissioning experience, the cost evaluation study has been conducted since the 1970s in order to decommissioning nuclear facilities. The US NRC has conducted studies on decommissioning technology, safety and cost for a variety of reactor type and nuclear installations. In the total decommissioning costs, the end of operation licenses accounted for the largest portion, followed by spent fuel management and site restoration. In case of immediate decommissioning, spent fuel management cost increased compared to delayed decommissioning, and delayed deocmmissioning increased the cost of terminating the operation license. However, in general, delayed decommissioning does not show any significant benefit as compared with immediate decommissioning. It is necessary to consider the evaluation according to the site conditions when evaluating the cost of decommissioning domestic nuclear power plants.
Also, in Korea, IAEA recommendations were applied to reorganize the radioactive waste classification system.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to appropriately use the decommissioning data of the preceding US Nuclear Power Plant in the new classification system when estimating the amount of radioactive waste generated during decommissioning. In particular, the establishment of the evaluation methodology for the waste to be disposed of will be an important factor in securing the accuracy of the decommissioning cost. In addition, it is necessary to construct information data that can be applied to facility characteristics and work characteristics in order to evaluate the cost of demolition of domestic nuclear power plants.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

원전의 안전한 해체 관리를 위해 원전 해체 비용 평가는 매우 중요하다. 가장 많은 원전 해체 경험을 갖고 있는 미국의 경우 1970년대부터 원자력시설의 해체를 위하여 비용평가 연구를 진행하였다. 미국 NRC는 다양한 로형 및 원자력시설에 대한 해체 기술, 안전성 및 비용에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 전체 해체 비용 에서 운영허가종료비용이 가장 큰 비중을 차지하며, 그 다음으로는 사용후핵연료 관리, 부지복원순으로 평가되었다. 해체비용은 전체비용에 있어 운영허가종료가 제일 큰 비중을 차지하며 사용후핵연료관리, 부지 복원 순으로 평가되었다. 즉시해체의 경우 지연해체에 비해 사용후핵연료관리 비용이 증가하였으며 지연 해체의 경우 운영허가종료의 비용이 증가하였다. 전반적으로 즉시해체에 비해 지연해체의 경우가 뚜렷하 게 이득이 보이지 않고 있다. 국내 원전 해체 비용 평가시 부지 조건에 따른 평가를 고려해야할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 또한 국내의 경우 IAEA의 권고사항을 적용하여 방사성폐기물 분류체계를 재정비하였다. 이에 따라 해체시 발생하는 방사성폐기물 물량 산정시, 선행 미국 원전해체 자료를 신분류체계에 적합하게 활용하기 위한 방법을 개발해야할 필요가 있다. 특히 자체처분 대상폐기물 평가 방법론 설정은 해체비용의 정확성을 확보하는 중요한 인자로 작용할 것이다. 또한 국내 원전해체 비용 평가를 위하여 시설 특성과 작업 특성에 적용할 수 있는 정보자료 구축이 필요하다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. INTRODUCTION
• II. MATERIAL AND METHODS
• III. CONCLUSION

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Energy Nuclear Operations Inc., "Update to Decommissioning Funding Status Report Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station" 2014

2 "U.S. Code of Federal Regulations 10CFR50.75, Reporting and recordkeeping for decommissioning planning" Office of the Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration

3 R.I. Smith, "Technology, Safety and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Pressurized-Water Reactor Power Station, NUREG/CR-0130" the U.S. NRC by Pacific Northwest Laboratory 1978

4 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Summary Findings Resulting from the Staff Review of the 2015 Decommissioning Funding Status Reports for Operating Power Reactor Licensees" 2015

5 G.J. Konzek, "Revised Analyses of Decommissioning for the Reference Pressurized-Water Reactor Power Station" the U.S. NRC by Pacific Northwest Laboratory 1995

6 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Report on Waste Disposal Charges: Changes in Decommissioning Waste Disposal Costs at Low-Level Waste Burial Facilities, NUREG-1307, Revision 15" 2013

7 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Reactor, Regulatory Guide 1.184" 2013

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