Requirements for larger size and higher quality in LCD panel are increasing according to the diffusing rate of the LCD, and such technology in LCD is depending on the primary alignment condition of the liquid crystal. It is the prerequisite for design...
Requirements for larger size and higher quality in LCD panel are increasing according to the diffusing rate of the LCD, and such technology in LCD is depending on the primary alignment condition of the liquid crystal. It is the prerequisite for designing high-quality LCD that the state in arrangement of liquid crystal is uniform and has no defects. The simplest method to align liquid crystal is to rub coated polyimide on a glass substrate. The researches on the characteristics of rubbed layer are in progress by various methods now and for example, there is an optical method that use phase difference by propagation of light through the layer. But the layer complicated and has troublesome defects that the effect of interface layer between rubbed layer and glass substrate must be removed in order to get optical informations of rubbed layer by optical method. As this, a characteristics investigation of rubbed polyimide, that coated and glass substrate, was carried out to the optical method by reflection of light in this thesis. But it tried to get the expected result previously to experimentation and find out an optical system arrangement to satisfy the most suitable conditions through computer simulation first for measuring it sensitively by the reason that it is very difficult to check anisotropy of materials as birefringence of rubbed layer is so small. The most optimized optical system arrangement was computed by the model configuration Ⅱ of phase modulation system that makes an incident angle to 0 degree, and optic parameter(ψ,△,I_(s),I_(c)) appeared sensitively, it also showed the pattern of 180 degrees in a period to the axis of sample to have an anisotropy characteristics. To find out the pattern of 180 degrees in a period to rubbing axis, after getting I_(s), I_(c), by Fourier transform calculation from this measured data. On the basis of the result to be estimated by computer simulation, the actual optical system was prepared in the order of light source(He-Ne laser) that makes an incident angle of 15 degrees - beam expander 1/4λ retarder - polarizer - sample (rubbed layer) - PM(Phase Modulator) - photo detector, and light signal to be sensed through it was measured and analyzed by making use of GPIB communication to connect digital oscilloscope to computer. (at this time, Beam expander was installed for minimizing the wobble effect of stage.) According to the most optimized condition, each optical module consisted of azimuth angle of polarizer (P=π/4), azimuth angle of analyzer(A=π/2) and phase modulator(C=π/4) inside PM module. Light to be reflected after a light that passed through polarizer having an incidence to the samples by coming to be linear polarization and reacting to rubbed layer, make a generally elliptic polarization state. Using rotating stage system (0°∼360°) with rubbed PI layer we measure intensity of reflected beam to determine rubbing axis.
When reflected light through PM module, piezoelectric modulating quartz oscillators inside of PM makes an oscillation and makes an orthogonal polarization state corresponding to reflected light polarization, and makes electric signal of light intensity, showed on the oscilloscope, to sinusoidal function. At this time, 50 kHz, the resonance frequency of 50 kHz is inputted using the function generator that is an optimized frequency of phase modulator.
Clear triacetyl cellulose (CLR TAC) was measured on a preliminary test, for verification to the setting of the optical system. The graph of I_(s) showed clearly a pattern of 180 degrees in a period according axis as a result of measurement the CLR TAC sample by a high molecular substance having a comparative bigger retardation than rubbed polyimide layer. As a result, the rubbed layer was measured and analyzed after arrangement the same as the previous optical system. And then, in the rubbed layer, I_(s) showed the pattern of 360 degrees in a period to the axis, as different to measurement of CLR TAC. It is reason why it was interpreted that retardation(△nd=0.4nm) of rubbed layer is too small. But rubbed layer was measured again as turning rubbed layer, for verification that it is the effect by wobble or the information by sample itself to the data of I_(s) that showed a settled pattern. As the result, it showed and moved to 50∼60 degrees just as keeping the general graph pattern of I_(s) of rubbed layer, though the effect by wobble was mixed a little. The effect of rubbed layer could be confirmed, through the data that has a fixed I_(s) graph form, but here confirmation of the exact pattern of 180 degrees in a period of rubbed layer I_(s). Alignment of optical system more finely and exclusion to the effect of a very small wobble are the key point or core for confirming the pattern 180 degrees of rubbed layer I_(s). Rubbing axis of rubbed layer can be decided by the two maximum values of this I_(s).