대구경북 구소삼각지역의 캘리브레이션 적용 전후에 따른 VRS-RTK 정확도 평가 = Evaluation of VRS-RTK Accuracy Before and After Calibration in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk Old Small Triangulation Datum Point Area

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study evaluated the accuracy and efficiency of cadastral surveying methods in numerical cadastral areas within the old triangulation regions of Daegu and Gyeongbuk. The conventional electronic total station surveying method was compared with the VRS-RTK (Virtual Reference Station–Real-Time Kinematic) surveying method before and after site calibration. The analysis focused on the accuracy of cadastral control points and parcel boundary points, as well as the efficiency in terms of observation time, equipment, and manpower requirements. The results of this study are summarized as follows.
First, for cadastral control points, the RMSE of intersection closure was 0.048 m without calibration and 0.022 m with calibration, showing an improvement of 0.026m after applying calibration. The mean coordinate errors were X = 0.036 m and Y = 0.031 m before calibration, and X = 0.014 m and Y = 0.017 m after calibration. Although all results satisfied the legal tolerance limits, site calibration significantly improved measurement accuracy.
Second, for parcel boundary points, the maximum and minimum errors in the X-coordinate before calibration were −0.043 m and −0.013 m, and those in the Y-coordinate were −0.042 m and 0.011 m, respectively. After calibration, the X-coordinate errors ranged from −0.012 m to 0.000 m, and the Y-coordinate errors from 0.010 m to 0.007 m. Thus, site calibration effectively reduced coordinate deviations in both axes.
Third, when observing 29 control and boundary points, the total observation time for the conventional electronic total station method was approximately 1.5 times longer than that for the VRS-RTK method. This difference results mainly from repeated instrument relocation and network adjustment required in the total station method, whereas VRS-RTK surveying eliminates the need for traverse network construction and allows efficient measurement even near obstructions such as utility poles.
Fourth, regarding resource requirements, the total station method required about 1.5 times more equipment and more than three times the manpower compared to the VRS-RTK method. The mobility and single-operator capability of VRS-RTK significantly improved work efficiency.
Overall, the VRS-RTK surveying method demonstrated accuracy within the legally permitted tolerance and superior operational efficiency compared to the conventional electronic total station method in numerical cadastral areas of the old triangulation regions. The application of site calibration further enhanced coordinate precision. Therefore, it is suggested that the VRS-RTK method be expanded as a practical alternative for cadastral surveys in these areas, particularly in light of the recent completion of the geodetic datum transformation to the World Geodetic System. However, further research including diverse urban and mountainous environments with signal obstructions is required to provide more systematic and objective evaluations.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 1.1 연구배경 및 목적 1
• 1.2 연구의 범위 및 연구방법 3
• 1.3 선행연구 검토 5
• 1.4 선행연구와의 차별성 7
• 제2장 이론적 고찰 9
• 2.1 구소삼각지역 9
• 2.1.1 삼각점 9
• 2.1.2 구소삼각점 11
• 2.1.3 구소삼각지역 12
• 2.2 VRS-RTK 13
• 2.2.1 GNSS 측량 13
• 2.2.2 RTK 측량 15
• 2.2.3 Site Calibration 18
• 2.3 수치지적측량 19
• 2.3.1 수치지적 개념 19
• 2.3.2 수치지적 체계 20
• 2.3.3 수치지적 활용 21
• 제3장 데이터 취득 및 가공 22
• 3.1 연구지역 22
• 3.2 관측장비 및 방법 25
• 3.2.1 관측장비 및 제원 25
• 3.2.2 관측방법 27
• 3.3 VRS-RTK 관측 28
• 제4장 결과 및 분석 36
• 4.1 정확도 비교 36
• 4.1.1 지적도근점 36
• 4.1.2 필지경계점 42
• 4.2 효율성 비교 49
• 4.3 종합적 평가 53
• 제5장 결 론 56
• 5.1 결론 56
• 5.2 한계 및 향후과제 58
• 참고문헌 59
• Abstract 62