노인의 스트레스원과 스트레스 인지정도에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Stressors and Perceived Stress Level of the Elderly

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to identify stressors and perceived stress level experienced by elderly. And the intent of this investigation is to suggest nursing intervention for care of the elderly.
A convenient saplling of 331 elderly who lives in Seoul, Kwang-Ju, Yang-Ju Gun-Kyung-Ki Do, Ui-Jong Bu, and Young-Am Kun, Jeun-Ra Nam Do was done. The period of collection was from January in 1996 to May in 1996.

The constructing process of Seo's Elderly Stress Scale(SESS) were as follows;
1) Make preliminary items which related to stress and stressor of the elderly that was based upon review of literature and unstructured interview with 45 elderly.
2) Modification of items and pilot study were performed to determing the stressors. Consequently, 64 stressors were identified.
The SESS was composed of 3-areas(1. If you experienced the following stressors in the past one years, Please mark "0" on the "yes" column 2. How many frequently occurred the experienced stressors you felt.; "1=seldom", "2=sometimes", "3=often", "4=always", 3. How much stressful the experienced stressors you felt. The degree of stressfulness is 0-10 and it was a ladder scale. ). The total score of perceived stress level was calculated from frequency score by stressfulness score. The range of total score is 0-2,560.
Internal consistency of SESS was Cronbach's α=0.9060.
SPSS/PC?? program was used for statistical analysis and the data was analyzed in terms of frequency (percentile score), mean (SD), t-test, F-test and the reliability coefficient.
The results of this study were as follows:
1. Most frequently experienced stressors by elderly were ranked 'decreased eyesight'(86.1%), 'decreased strength'(83.1%), 'change of dental condition'(82.5%), 'decreased memory'(81.0%), 'sleep change'(76.7%), 'thinking about own death'(72.2%), 'loneliness'(69.5%) and 'decreased hearing'(69.2%).
2. Always experienced stressors by elderly were ranked 'change of dental condition'(40.2%), 'decreased eyesight'(40.2%), 'south and north Korean unification'(31.4%).
3. Most stressfulness stressors experienced by elderly were ranked 'death of your children'(9.83), 'death of your spouse'(9.62), 'divorce of your children'(8.67) and 'infertility of your children'(8.55)
4. Total mean (SD) score of perceived stress level is 431(218), maximum score is 992 and minimum score is 4 by subjects,
5. Compared the perceived stress level of subjects with sex, live together children, disease, and perceived health status were significantly differences.
In conclusion, most frequently experienced stressors by elderly which was changed of physical function according to aging process. And most stressfulness stressors which was death of family members.