연령에 따른 학습동기의 변화 = Changes in Students` Motivation to Learn

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the present study were to investigate ① the changes of motivation to learn across eight grades, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 14th, ② parents` emphasis on their children`s school achievements, and ③ students` thoughts on learning, and finally to look for educational implications. Motivational changes were measured in terms of seven sub-factors of motivation, intrinsic motivation(IM) to know, IM to accomplishment, IM to experience stimulation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, and amotivation. First three were intrinsic motivation factors, and the next three were extrinsic. Amotivation referred to little motivation to learn. High school version of Vallerand et al.`s Academic motivation scale, translated and revised was used. Subjects were 1472 students. Each grade included 141 to 376 students. The results were as follows: ① Intrinsic motivation significantly declined as the students moved up to higher grades, and those of girls declined more than boys`. ② Mothers emphasized their children`s school achievements more than fathers. Mothers stressed the achievements more earlier than fathers. Both of them emphasized boys` achievements than girls`. But parents` stress on their children`s achievement score were not related to the actual score. ③ From 4th grades, students began to downgrade school achievements to get a college admission and succeed in life. They stressed one specific talent instead of school achievement. ④ The reason of studying were extrinsic(for example, to get a better job) rather than intrinsic from 4th grades. ⑤ The main reason of disliking school learning was that they felt it was boring and coercive. ⑥ Educational implications of this study were to allow the teachers and students to be self-governed and self-determined in order for developing students` intrinsic motivation. In this sense, educational circle in Korea need to seriously reconsider educational reform movement in USA and Japan and their reflections.