Analysis of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Dry Eye Syndrome in Korean Adults; Based on the 5th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012)

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목 적: 본 연구는 제5기 국민건강영양조사(2012) 자료를 이용하여 한국 성인의 건성안 유병률과 위험요 인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 19세 이상 성인 중 안과의사에게 건성안 검진을 받은 5,698명(남자 2,368명, 여자 3,330명)을 대 상으로 인구사회학적 특성, 전신질환 특성, 건강관련행위 특성에 따른 건성안의 유병률과 위험요인을 분석 하였다. 결 과: 전체 연구대상자의 건성안 유병률은 13.5%이었다. 인구사회학적 특성별 건성안 유병률은 남성보 다 여성이, 50세 미만군보다 50세 이상군이, 농촌지역보다 도시지역에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 전 신질환별 건성안 유병률은 고혈압, 이상지혈증, 골관절염, 류마티스 관절염, 우울증, 신부전증이 있는 경우 에 유의하게 높았다. 건강관련행위별 건성안 유병률은 비흡연자, 비음주자, 수면시간이 짧은 군이 높았다. 건성안 빈도는 여성에서(OR 2.29, CI 1.89-2.77)와 50세 이상군에서(OR 1.21, CI 1.01-1.46), 농촌지역에 서(OR 1.96, CI 1.56-2.47)에서 더 높았다. 유의한 모든 변수를 보정한 후에 건성안의 위험인자는 신부전 (OR 2.82, CI 1.48-5.69), 갑상선(OR 1.62, CI 1.16-2.26), 류마티스 관절염(OR 1.54, CI 1.01-2.33), 이상 지혈증(OR 1.42, CI 1.13-1.78), 우울증(OR 1.36, CI 1.11-1.66), 골관절염(OR 1.27, CI 1.02-1.57)이었다. 결 론: 우리나라 19세 이상 성인의 건성안 유병률은 13.5%으로 높은 수준이며, 50세 이상, 도시지역 거 주자, 여성과 신부전증, 갑상선, 류마티스 관절염, 이상지혈증, 우울증, 골관절염 환자에서 건성안의 위험이 높으므로 해당 위험요인을 가진 사람들을 대상으로 한 교육과 홍보를 통해 건성안증상을 조기 발견하여 적 절하게 대처하도록 할 필요가 있다

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for dry eye syndrome in Korean adults using data from the 5th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012). Methods: We analyzed the prevalence and risk factors for dry eye syndrome according to characteristics of sociodemographic, systemic diseases, and health related behaviors of 5,698 adults, men 2,368(41.6%) and women 3330(58.4%), aged 19 years and older, who were diagnosed with the dry eye syndrome by ophthalmologists. Results: The prevalence of dry eye syndrome was 13.5% in this population. The prevalence of dry eye syndrome in the sociodemographic characteristics was significantly higher in women than in men, in 50 years and older than under 50 years people, and in urban area than in rural area residents. The prevalence of dry eye syndrome by systemic diseases was significantly higher in subjects with hypertension, dyslipidemia, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, depressive disorder, and renal failure. The prevalence of dry eye syndrome by health related behaviors was higher in non-smokers, non-drinkers, and short time sleepers. The dry eye syndrome was more frequent in women (OR 2.29, CI 1.89-2.77), in 50 years and older people (OR 1.21, CI 1.01-1.46), and rural area resident s (OR 1.96, CI 1.56-2.47). After adjusting for all significant variables, independent risk factors for dry eye syndrome were renal failure (multi-variable odds ratio (OR) 2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48-5.69), thyroid disease (OR 1.62, CI 1.16-2.26), rheumatoid arthritis (OR 1.54, CI 1.01-2.33), dyslipidemia (OR 1.42, CI 1.13-1.78), depressive disorder (OR 1.36, CI 1.11-1.66), and osteoarthritis (OR 1.27, CI 1.02-1.57). Conclusion: The prevalence of dry eye syndrome in adults aged 19 and over was 13.5%. The dry eye syndrome was more frequent in women, 50 years and older people, and in urban residents, as a socio-demographic factor. Systemic disease factors related to dry eye were renal failure, thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia, depressive disorder, osteoarthritis. We suggest that people with dry eye syndrome risk factors should be provided about dry eye symptoms through the education, so that they can be found early and appropriately treated dry eye.