퇴율의 「심학도(心學圖)」상 구방심(求放心) 논의와 공감교육 문제 연구 = A study of correlation between discussions about to seek for the Lost mind(求放心) in XinXueTu (心學圖) and the education focused on empathy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis aims to examine the correlation and possibilities between ``education focused on emotions`` that has the purpose of ``empathy`` and ``self-cultivation`` which is said in Confucianism. It is lively discussed to concern about emotion and be educated through it. At this point, to say, that means that the theme of ``emotion`` and ``empathy`` have been avoided in the process of education regardless of Eastern and Western society. However, ``emotion`` has crucial and significant status as the basic and standard language that have the characteristic of which one is able to understand the others and to respect the diversity. Education in Confucianism used to mean ``self-cultivation``. It is clearly represented over the letters between Teo-Gye(退溪) and Yul-Gok(栗穀) to discuss and debate about the position of ``to seek for the lost mind``(求放心) on the picture, ``XinXueTu``(心學圖). Yul-Gok regarded that position as lower level in the process of self-cultivation, and thus, ``emotion`` of individual has been alienated. Toe-Gye, on the other hand, saw it as understanding of one`s present mind and set it as the center of his learning. Hence, the view such as Yul-Gok has the matter of emotion avoided. In comtemporary society where one should respect the individualism and diversity, empathy for the others is important matters. Education focused on empathy gives us suggestions that help to comprehend the diversity. Yet, in our daily lives, it is often the case that the respect to the diversity is broken. Because the diversity is understood as the consensus to identify the others. Approving the diversity based on the ability of the empathy has the crucial meaning as the ``tolerance``. In this dissertation, I would like to investigate the problem of learning and self-cultivation that cause emotional estrangement. Especially, in having attention to the debate between Toe-Gye and Yul-Gok, I would seek to know the possibilities of joining between ``self-cultivation`` as of Confucian education and education focused on empathy. In investigating this theme, the insight of moral-sentiment of Adam Smith and the failure of empathy referred in social psychology could be needed.