딥페이크 사회와 『주역(周易)』의 판단 윤리: 睽·革·噬嗑卦로 본 허위 이미지의 경계 구조 = Judgment Ethics in the Yijing for Deepfake Society: Boundary Structures of False Images in Kui, Ge, and Shihe

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

· Research topics: This study examines the crisis of judgment in deepfake society through the hexagrams Kui 睽, Ge 革, and Shihe 噬嗑 in the Yijing. In particular, it clarifies the ethical problems caused by manipulated facial images that separate face from personhood, image from truth, and representation from responsibility.
· Research background: Deepfakes produce fabricated images that are difficult to distinguish from reality, thereby undermining personal dignity, identity, social trust, and the basis of public judgment. Thus, the problem of deepfakes extends beyond technical regulation or criminal punishment to the ethical question of how to distinguish truth from falsehood and establish responsible judgment in a transformed technological environment.
· Differences from prior research: Previous studies have mainly focused on legal responses to deepfake crimes, victim protection, ethical education, AI ethics, or the modern applicability of the Yijing. In contrast, this study analyzes deepfakes through the judgmental structures found in the hexagram statements, the Tuan Commentary, and the Xiang Commentary of Kui, Ge, and Shihe. It interprets the crisis of judgment in deepfake society as a sequential structure of recognizing disjunction, examining the legitimacy of change, and pursuing public discernment and rectification.
· Research method: This study first examines how deepfakes generate a crisis of judgment in contemporary society, focusing on manipulated facial images, the damage to trust, and the separation of face, personhood, and truth. It then analyzes the structure of disjunction in Kui, the conditions of change and trust in Ge, and the structure of public judgment and rectification in Shihe.
· Research results: The analysis shows that Kui provides a framework for discerning the disjunction between face and truth created by deepfakes. It warns that even the same face should not immediately be accepted as the same personhood, the same action, or the same truth. Ge reveals that technological transformation can be accepted as legitimate change only when it is grounded in trust, rightness, and appropriateness. Shihe indicates that fabricated images and violations of personhood should be addressed not through private emotion or impulsive blame, but through public discernment, responsible judgment, and the restoration of communal trust.
· Contribution points and expected effects: This study is significant in that it reinterprets the problem of deepfakes through the judgmental structure of an East Asian classic rather than confining it to legal regulation or technical detection. It also shows that judgment ethics in the Yijing can offer a meaningful framework for reflecting on image, truth, and responsibility in contemporary technological society.