스마트교육을 위한 교원역량 진단 도구 개발 = Validation of the Assessment Instrument for Teacher Competency for SMART Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to develop an assessment tool for teacher competencies for 21st century classroom innovation and SMART education implementation. To accomplish the purpose, literature reviews, expert panel reviews and interviews, factor analysis from teacher surveys were conducted for the design and validation of teacher competency assessment instrument. As a result, by conceptualizing SMART education and teacher competency, two domains, 13 competencies, and 61 performance indicators were identified as teacher competencies for SMART education. More specifically, the teacher competencies for SMART education consist of a foundations domain and a practice domain. The competencies in the foundations domain are personal attributes which is the foundations for SMART education implementation, consisting of six competencies including creative problem-solving, social ability, flexibility, technology literacy, ethics, and passion. The competencies in the practice domain are specific educational tasks and activities intended to implement SMART education, consisting of seven competencies including understanding of the future education, contents expertise, building relationship with learners, instructional design and development, building learning affordance, evaluation and reflection, and building collaborative relationship with community. Four to five performance indicators for each competency were developed and validated for competency assessment instrument.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이경진, "초등교사의 핵심역량 수준 및 교직경력별 핵심역량 수준 차이 분석" 한국교원교육학회 26 (26): 219-240, 2009

2 진성희, "초등 교수역량요소 도출 및 예비초등교사와 초등교사간 교수역량 인식 비교" 한국초등교육학회 22 (22): 343-368, 2009

3 백순근, "중등학교 교사의 교수역량 구성요인에 대한 이론적 고찰" 교육연구소 8 (8): 47-69, 2007

4 Lucia, A. D., "알기 쉬운 역량모델링" PSI컨설팅 2001

5 김영애, "스마트교육의 현황과 발전 방향" 한국교육개발원 2011

6 김현철, "스마트교육 콘텐츠 품질관리 및 교수학습 모형 개발 이슈" 한국교육학술정보원 2011

7 임병노, "스마트교육 콘텐츠 품질관리 가이드라인 개발을 위한 이슈사항 분석" 한국교육학술정보원 2011

8 교육과학기술부, "스마트교육 추진 전략 실행계획(안)" 교육과학기술부 2011

9 김현진, "스마트교육 교원역량과 교원연수 프로그램 개발" 한국교육학술정보원 2012

10 한승연, "사이버대학 교수자의 교수역량 모델링" 한국교육방법학회 24 (24): 837-862, 2012

11 이의길, "사이버 대학 강의평가결과에 영향을 미치는 교수자 관련 특성 탐색" 한국교육정보미디어학회 18 (18): 273-291, 2012

12 엄미리, "국내 교수설계자 역량개발을 위한 교육요구 분석" 한국직업능력개발원 12 (12): 1-23, 2009

13 조대연, "국내 HRD 담당자들에게 필요한 역량은 무엇인가: ASTD 역량모델 기반 요구분석을 중심으로" 한국기업교육학회 14 (14): 155-175, 2012

14 김계수, "구조방정식모형 분석" 한나래 2010

15 양은하, "교수역량 증진을 위한 변화필요도분석" 한국교육공학회 26 (26): 25-52, 2010

16 이현영, "공과대학 교수역량(Teaching Competency) 진단도구 개발연구" 한국교육공학회 28 (28): 439-469, 2012

17 UNESCO, "UNESCO working paper series on mobile learning"

18 OECD, "Trends shaping education 2013" OECD Publishing

19 U. S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology, "Transforming American Education: Learning Powered by Technology"

20 Kozma, R., "Toward the assessment of 21st century skills" 2009

21 Facer, K, "The next 25 years? : future scenarios and future directions for education and technology" 26 (26): 74-93, 2010

22 Saltinski, R., "The digital future of education - the Cloud or the Matrix?" 10 : 2013

23 Tigelaar, D. E., "The development and validation of a framework for teaching competencies in higher education" 48 : 253-268, 2004

24 Heo, H., "The convergence of informal learning and formal education in a ubiquitous environment, In Handbook of design in educational technology" Routledge 310-321,

25 McClelland, D. C., "Testing for competence rather than for “intelligence”" 28 (28): 1-14, 1973

26 Selvi, K., "Teachers’ Competencies" 7 (7): 167-175, 2010

27 Turkish Republic Ministry of National Education, "Support to basic education project: Generic teacher competencies. Unpublished white paper by the Turkish Republic Ministry of National Education" 2006

28 Barber, M., "Shaping the future: How good education systems can become great in the decade ahead. A report on the international education roundtable"

29 Collins, A., "Rethinking education in the age of technology" Teachers College Press 2009

30 Johnson, L., "NMC Horizon Report: 2013 K-12 Edition" The New Media Consortium 2013

31 Littlejohn, A., "Learning at the digital frontier : a review of digital literacies in theory and practice" 28 (28): 547-556, 2012

32 UNESCO, "ICT competency standards for teachers"

33 Frost, D., "From professional development to system change : teacher leadership and innovation" 38 (38): 205-227, 2012

34 CoSN, "Framework of essential skills of the K-12 CTO (v. 2.0)"

35 Cox, M. J., "Formal to informal learning with IT : research challenges and issues for e-learning" 29 (29): 85-105, 2013

36 Facer, K., "Educational, social and technological futures: a report from the Beyond Current Horizons Programme" Futurelab

37 Mansilla, V., "Educating for Global Competence: Preparing Our Youth to Engage the World"

38 Spencer, L. M., "Competence at work: models for superior performance" John Wiley & Sons 1993

39 허희옥, "21세기 학습자 및 교수자 역량 모델링" 한국교육학술정보원 2011

40 Bellanca, J., "21st century skills: Rethinking how students learn" Solution Tree Press 2010