인천지역 내 약수터 수질 및 토양에 대한 감마핵종 분석 = Gamma nuclide analysis on water and soil in mineral spring in Incheon

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 방사선에 대해 불안감이 고조되고 있는 상황에서 방사선 방호로부터 취약할 수 있는 인천지역 약수터에 대해 수질과 토양을 채취하고 핵종을 분석하여 약수터 이용객들의 불안감을 감소시키고, 방사선으로부터 안전성을 파악하여 약수터 환경감시망의 기초 자료로 제시하기 위해 시행하게 되었다.
2019년 4월부터 6월까지 인천지역 내의 약수터가 없는 동구를 제외한 구·군별로 약수터를 한 곳씩 선정하여 약수터의 약수물 2 L와 물이 나오는 곳으로부터 5 m 이내의 토양을 5 kg 채취하고 1 L 마리네리 용기에 충전 한 뒤 HPGe계측기를 이용하여 토양은 80,000초 동안, 수질은 10,000초간 감마선 핵종 분석을 실시하였다. 약수터의 토양과 수질의 상관관계는 correlation analysis를 이용하여 분석하였고, 2016년 KINS에서 측정한 표토와 상수의 측정값과 약수터의 토양과 수질의 결과 값은 one-sample t-test(Wilcoxon singed -rank test)를 이용하여 비교 분석하였다.
약수터별 검출된 각각의 핵종들 값은 국내에서 제시되고 있는 기준치에 비해 낮은 값이 나타났다. 토양 별 핵종 측정 결과 옹진군에 위치하고 있는 성지 약수터의 값이 41.07272 Bq/g으로 가장 높은 값이 나타났고, 계양구에 위치하고 있는 효성약수터에서 5.78236 Bq/g으로 가장 낮은 값이 나타났다. 수질 별 핵종 측정 결과 계양에 위치한 효성 약수터에서 0.59171 Bq/g으로 가장 높은 값이 나왔고, 서구에 위치한 석남3 약수터에서 0.02363 Bq/g으로 가장 낮은 값이 나타났다. 그러므로 약수터의 토양과 수질의 상관관계가 있다고 보기 어려웠다(p=0.17). 약수터 토양 중 40K과 137Cs의 측정값과 KINS의 상반기 표토 측정값을 비교 분석한 결과 약수터 토양의 값의 대부분 낮게 나왔으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p=0.646, p=0.815). 약수터 수질 중 40K과 137Cs, 7Be의 측정값과 KINS의 2분기 상수 측정값을 비교분석한 결과 모든 약수터에서 KINS의 측정 자료보다 낮게 검출 되었으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05).
본 연구의 결과 국내 기준치를 초과하는 결과 값은 검출 되지 않아 이용객들의 불안감을 해소시킬 수 있었으나 인천지역의 약수터에 대한 체계적인 감시망이 조성되어 있다고 보기 어려웠다. 따라서 약수터 환경방사선에 대한 지속적인 감시와 연구가 선행되어야 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Under the recent rising fear of radioactivity, this study collected water and soil samples from mineral springs in Incheon area, which are vulnerable to radioactivity. This was in order to analyze the samples and the type of nuclide and reduce the fear of people using the springs. The results can also be used to ascertain the safety of the spring from radioactive materials and can act as a baseline standard for environmental surveillance.
From April to June 2019, a mineral spring in every gu and gun in Incheon other than Dong-gu, which doesn't have any, was selected. From this selected spring, 2 L of water and 5 kg of soil within 5 m of the spring was collected. These were used to charge a 1 L Marinelli Beaker and a HPGe Gamma-ray spectroscopy was conducted for 80,000 seconds for soil and 10,000 seconds for water. The correlation between the soil and water of the mineral spring was analyzed using correlation analysis and the difference between values from 2016 KINS measurement and this study was compared using a one-sample t-test (Wilcoxon singed-rank test).
The value of each nuclide identified in each mineral spring was lower than the national standards. Soil from Sungji spring in Ongjin-gun showed the highest value of 41.07272 Bq/g and soil from Hyosung spring in Gyeyang-gu showed the lowest value of 5.78236 Bq/g. On the other hand, water from Hyosung spring in Gyeyang showed the highest value of 0.59171 Bq/g, whereas water from Seoknam3 spring in Seo-gu showed the lowest value of 0.02363 Bq/g. Therefore, it was difficult to say that there was a correlation between the soil and water of each mineral spring (p=0.17). The analysis of 40K and 137Cs value of spring soil and early KINS soil measurement, the value obtained from spring soil was usually lower. However, this did not show a statistically significant difference(p=0.646, p=0.815). When comparing the measurement of 40K, 137Cs and 7Be from spring water and second quarter KINS measurement, all spring water showed lower values than KINS measurement and this difference was shown to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
This study has shown that none of the springs showed values that exceeded the national standards, which can be used to relieve the fears of the people. However, it was difficult to say that there was a systematic way of overseeing such values in Incheon. Therefore, a continuous surveillance and research on environmental radiation in mineral springs should be conducted.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 목차 ······················································································ ⅰ
• List of Table ··············································································· ⅲ
• List of Fig ················································································· ⅳ
• 국문초록 ······················································································ ⅴ
• Ⅰ. 서론 ····················································································· 1
• Ⅱ. 이론적배경 ·············································································· 3
• 1. 지각 중의 방사성 물질과 수중의 방사성 물질 ···························· 3
• 2. 국·내외 방사능 기준 ······························································· 4
• 3. 핵종에 대한 이해 ··································································· 9
• Ⅲ. 대상 및 방법 ·········································································· 14
• 1. 연구대상 ············································································· 14
• 2. 장비 및 실험방법 ································································· 16
• Ⅵ. 결과 ····················································································· 20
• 1. 각 약수터 토양 별 핵종분석 결과 ·········································· 20
• 2. 각 약수터 수질 별 핵종분석 결과 ·········································· 22
• 3. 약수터 토양과 수질의 측정 값 비교 ······································ 24
• 4. KINS 측정값과 약수터 토양과 수질의 측정값 비교 ························ 26
• Ⅴ. 고찰 ······················································································ 30
• Ⅵ. 결론 ······················································································ 32
• Ⅶ. 참고문헌 ················································································ 33
• Abstract ····················································································· 36