퇴계 사칠론(四七論)에서 칠정본선(七情本善)의 의미 = The Meaning of Innate Goodness of Seven Feelings in Toegye`s Four Seven Debate

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Toegye`s Four Seven Debate is characterized ``li-qi mutual issuance principle(理氣互發說`` focused on Seven Feelings, which contemporary studies also emphasized as well. It is studied and researched that Toegye intented to split li(理)and qi(氣) to secure the pureness of Four Beginnings of moral feelings and to control Seven Feelings of ``issuance of qi(qi-fa 氣發)``. However, I have argued in my past research that the characteristic of Toegye` Four Seven Debate is signified by separating qi-fa from traditional neo-Confucian structure which insists ``human nature arousing feelings(性發爲情)``. In accordance with such an argument, this study attempts to interpret Toegye`s opinion that ``Seven Feelings are naturally virtuous.`` Toegye splitted Seven Feelings both li and qi due to susceptibility to become the source of evil, however, regulating those feelings would not be the only reason. By analyzing Toegye`s Seven Feelings argument, the following points would be expiscated. Firstly, Four Beginnings is surely moral feelings, but Seven Feelings is possibly moral feeling as well. Secondly, Seven Feelings, the issuance of qi, is innately virtuous and emanating based on li. That feelings is favourable to life. Only there exists a possibility to excess or deficiency and an illusion. Thirdly, thus, feelings in the issuance of qi and Seven feelings is not a subject to suppress or discard. Seven Feelings is feelings of ``joy`` directly connected to happiness of life, and extremely important per se. Toegye`s philosophy is not a stifling lecture of ethics. Ultimately, it pursues joy of life. Human beings feel through qi and due to qi. Obviously, joy does not mean indulgence and avarice. Toegye by splitting the issuance of li and the issuance of qi, proved that ultimately, by balancing those two human beings are able to become moral and joyful at the same time.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "兩先生四七理氣往復書"

2 "論語"

3 선병삼, "퇴계 이황 사단칠정 소종래 구분의 객관타당성 검증" 동양철학연구회 (79) : 211-238, 2014

4 정원재, "이황의 7정 이해 ― 「예운」에서 『중용』으로" 퇴계학연구원 (137) : 5-69, 2015

5 김기현, "사단칠정론" 서광사 1992

6 양명수, "退溪의 七情論과 惡의 문제" 퇴계학연구원 (122) : 1-58, 2007

7 "退溪先生文集"

8 이치억, "退溪 四七論에서 四端의 純善함에 대하여" 한국유교학회 (45) : 93-115, 2011

9 "朱子全書"

10 "孟子"

11 이찬, "四端 七情 再考 - ‘價値-事實’ 구분에 대한 批判的 省察과 倫理的 自然主義에 대하여 -" 퇴계학연구원 (125) : 47-92, 2009

12 "二程遺書"

13 "二程粹言"