고구려(高句麗)의 종족(種族) 기원(起源)에 대한 일고찰 -부여별종설(夫餘別種說)과 맥족설(貊族說)의 정합적 이해를 중심으로- = Study of the Origin of the Koguryo(高句麗) Race

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With regard to the origin of the Koguryo race, certain conflicting references appear inside the Koguryo section of the Chinese historical text《Sanguo-ji(三國志, History of the Three Dynasties)》`s Dong``ih-jeon(東夷傳 chapter, ``History of the Eastern barbarians`). One of them refers to the Koguryo people as a ``branch of the Buyeo(夫餘 race, 夫餘別種),`` and the other, as the ``Maek(貊) race in nature.`` Many scholars have usually chose one reference over the other, and based their examination upon such choices. Yet extensive examination of the relevant data, reveals that these two seemingly conflicting references might not necessarily be contradicting each other after all. The reference to the Koguryo people as the ``branch of the Buyeo(夫餘 race, 夫餘別種),`` seems to be reflecting the historical reality in which the immigrants from Buyeo including the Gye``ru-bu(桂婁部) nobilities decided to decorate their origin and therefore created a new dignitary authority by using the famous Buyeo-originated Dong``myeong myth(東明說話) around the 3rd century. Yet these Buyeo immigrants who came to Koguryo were not able to replace the existing population or create a new conquering dynasty. They just merged with the resident people and expanded their influences within the realm of Koguryo. Meanwhile, though many scholars have considered the Koguryo people as a people who were different from the Buyeo race, citing the latter reference which dictated that the Koguryo people was from the ``Maek(貊)`` race, their mother race was actually the same with the Buyeo people, which was the Yae(濊[Yae/Maek/濊貊]) race. The Koguryo people were just another divergence from that mother race. They were initially called ``Guryeo(句麗),`` then came to be called as ``Maek(貊)`` around the time of roughly two millennia ago. We can see that referring to the Koguryo people as ``the Maek people`` was a practice simply created only in subsequent periods. Simply speaking, the latter reference shows us how the ``Guryeo`` people initially part ways with the Buyeo people, while the former reference shows us how the remnants of the Buyeo people rejoined their Guryeo brethren and founded the Koguryo dynasty. The latter reference also shows us what kind of cultural and historical background of the Buyeo refugees enabled them to merge with the resident community of the middle and upper regions of the Abrok-gang river.