중국 三大 명리서에 나타난 ‘명’과 인간존재’에 대한 철학적 조명

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to philosophically examine the issues related to Myung and the existence of humankind. Myung and the existence of humankind are described in the three famous books of Myungri which are based on the Myungri Hok among the classic books of Myungri.
According to Myungri Hok, Myung is the root of the existence of humankind. In this study, issues related to the fundamental structure of the existence of humankind, how human beings understand and realize that Myung, and the ultimate ideal for the existence of humankind will be examined through the three famous books of Myungri.
The essence of Myungri in the book of Myungri is an academic subject, which deals with Myung of human beings. Here, the priority is given to extrinsic and materialistic Myung including ‘good and bad fortune and weal and woe’, ‘riches and honors’ and ‘benefits and goods’, but intrinsic and moral Myung also coexists.
In the three famous books of Myungri, humankind received Myung from Tien, but that Myung is the Tien Myung. This reflects the idea of Confucius Tien and Myung from Confucianism, and here we can notice that energy from the three origins, in other words, Heaven, Earth, and humankind are combined and thus lead to the unity of Heaven and humankind. As one of the three elements; Heaven, Earth, and humankind, humankind is understood as a harmonious existence that timely lives in between Heaven and Earth. When Myung is understood as Tien Myung, its meaning and understanding are separated into two. As a self-intrinsic thing, it has a mission to realize innate virtue or the way of Heaven, and has a given fate related to length of life or ‘riches and honors’ and ‘goods and benefits’ that are out of human capability.
Fate is the actual existing way of humankind. ‘Knowing Myung’ is beyond a level of knowing ‘fate’ and self-conscious of Tien Myung. Myung described in the three famous books of Myung aims at not only knowing the decrees of Heaven, but knowing that there is fate and improving it. As a self-conscious objective of Tien Myung, Humankind has a free will, and thus can realize Tien Myung and nature of human being and can change one’s fate. In order to properly know Myung, human nature needs to be developed, and in order to develop a right human nature, moral training for mind is required. In the ultimatum for knowing Myung, we can notice that there is a will to improve one’s Myung through active and independent efforts.
The best effort, which can change fate of humankind, is keeping moral and right sprit as said by the book of Myungri. According to the three famous books of Myungri, saving Myung’s moral sprit means to act timely. Because everything that mankind achieved is a product of the times, no matter how Myung is good, a result of one’s life changes with the flow of the times. The way to change Myung is to keep a right principle and realize the original nature of human being. In other words, it is understood that this can be accomplished through moral trainings of mind. Managing oneself and existing harmoniously with the others means attitudes to realize Myung through self-control and following courtesy, and through mind training as perfect virtue.
Human being always exists with the original nature inside oneself through a continuous study called moral training, and should independently realize and embody Tien Myung which is given as a situation outside oneself. That is achieved through learning. In modern times, the true meaning of the three famous books of Myungri is to realize the original nature of humankind in a society where material is everything and control human life. Science and civilization will make this possible and contribute to establishing ethical and moral society.
After all, the three famous books of Myungri suggest a ‘humankind focused philosophy’ that attaches importance to moral practices. That is the efforts to solve problems of one’s life and through this, further to realize true ideology of Ping Tianxia. In that sense, I expect that the study of the present writer provides opportunity to help right understanding of Myungri Hok and widen knowledge of Myungri Hok study.



Key Words: Book of Myungri, Myungri-ology, Yuan Hai Zi Ping, Sajupalja, the Sexagenarian Cycle, YinYang and Five Elements, Junghwa, Moral and Right Sprit, Myung, Existence of Humankind, Tien Myung, the idea of Tien Myung, the Unity of Heaven and Humankind, Confucian, Sung Confucianism.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 목적 1
• 2. 연구 범위 및 방법 8
• Ⅱ. 三大 命理書의 체제와 그 내용 12
• 1. 중국의 三大 命理書 12
• 2. 淵海子平 22
• 1) 연해자평의 체제 23
• 2) 연해자평의 내용 27
• 3. "滴天髓 34
• 1) "적천수의 체제 35
• 2) 적천수의 내용 37
• 4. 子平眞詮 42
• 1) 자평진전의 체제 42
• 2) 자평진전의 내용 44
• Ⅲ. 三大 命理書에 나타난 ‘命’의 槪念과 本質的 의미 49
• 1. ‘命’자에 대한 文獻學的 考察 50
• 2. ‘命’과 ‘天命’의 문제 55
• 3. ‘命’의 본질적 의미 61
• -ⅰ-
• Ⅳ. 三大 命理書의 인간존재에 대한 理解 68
• 1. ‘人’ 槪念의 변천 68
• 2. 天과 人間의 관계 72
• 3. 地와 人間의 관계 77
• 4. 三才로서의 인간존재 82
• Ⅴ. ‘命’의 自覺主體로서의 인간존재 88
• 1. 운명과 인간존재 88
• 2. 天命의 自覺主體로서의 인간존재 93
• 3. ‘命’과 인간의 자유의지 98
• 4. 天命과 인간본성의 自覺 104
• Ⅵ. 性命의 실현과 德性함양 112
• 1. 中과 和 112
• 2. 분수와 은둔 119
• 3. 학문과 자기성찰 125
• 4. 性命의 실현과 도덕적 이상의 구현 131
• Ⅶ. 결론 138
• 參考文獻 142
• -ⅱ-
• ABSTRACT 155