신경미학, 무엇이 문제인가? = Neuroaesthetics: Issues and Prospects

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 글은 신경미학의 관심과 범위, 연구대상과 방법론, 한계와 가능성 등을 신경미학이 태생적으로 배태하고 있는 긴장 관계, 즉 미와 예술 현상에 대한 과학적 접근 대 철학적 접근이라는 대결구도 속에서 고찰한다. 이 글에서 이러한 고찰은 오늘날 신경미학으로 대변되는 미와예술현상에 대한 과학적 접근이 갖는 한계와 문제점에 대한 비판들을 주축으로 이루어지는데, 이러한 비판들은 분해와 양화, 미적 환원주의와 일반화, 탈맥락적 보편주의, 미적 경험에 상응하는 신경생리적 절차에 대한 전념 등 신경미학의 전형적인 특성들, 그리고 과학적 물음 자체의 본성을 문제시 하여 제기된 것들이다. 이 글에서는 이러한 비판들에 대한 극복의 단초를 제시하는 신경미학 내의 연구들을 살펴보고 이러한 비판들 자체의 타당성을 재고함으로써 현 단계에서 신경미학이 미와 예술현상에 대한 우리의 이해에 기여할 수 있는 방식과 수준을 확인하고 신경미학이 미와 예술 현상에 대한 진정으로 의미있는 연구분야로 성장하기 위해 반드시 고려해야 할 점들이 무엇인지를 살펴본다. 마지막으로 이 글은 신경미학이 미와 예술현상에 대한 우리의 이해에 대해 기존의 담론들과 구별되게 새롭게 더하는 가치가 무엇인지 확인하며, 신경미학의 미래의 향방에 대해 조심스럽게 제언한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This essay investigates the concern and the scope, the subject and the methodology, and the limits and the prospects of neuroaesthetics focusing on the tension between the scientific approach and the philosophical approach to the aesthetic and artistic phenomena which is born of the origin of neuroaesthetics as empirical aesthetics. For this purpose, this essay examines the criticisms on the scientific approach to the aesthetic and artistic phenomena which is represented as neuroaesthetics today. These criticisms are divided into those targeting at the typical characteristics of neuroaesthetics such as its reductionism, universalism, and its commitment to the mapping between our aesthetic response and its underlying neural, physiological mechanism, and those raised from the nature of the questions involved in aesthetics and philosophy of art. In this essay, the researches in neuroaesthetics which suggest the ways to overcome those criticisms are introduced and the validity of the criticisms themselves are verified, and thereby the way and the level in which neuroaesthetics can contribute to our understanding of the aesthetic and artistic phenomena at the current stage are identified. In the meanwhile, what should be considered for neuroaesthetics to grow into a discipline which contributes to our aesthetic and artistic interest is revealed. To the conclusion, the unique value neuroaesthetics would add to our understanding of the aesthetic and artistic phenomena is identified and it is suggested what neuroaesthetics could attempt to do in order to develop as a more compelling, prospective research field.

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