근세 동아시아의 어류지식과 해양어업: ‘어보(魚譜)’에서 ‘어서(漁書)’로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper deals with the arrival of a complete book about fishing skills, that is of ‘Book of Fishery’(漁書), as a next step in the progress of knowledge of fishes in early modern East Asia, which has been covered in other previous papers.
In the case of China, there are occasionally some descriptions of fishing skills in some ‘Books of Fishes’, though most of these details are just simple and unspecific. But Haicuotu(『海錯圖』) is notable because Nie Huang(聶璜) described the fishing skills very animatedly from his own experience. In the case of Joseon(朝鮮), Uhae-ieobo(『牛海異魚譜』) is remarkable for its rich description of fishing skills used in Jinhae(鎭海). Furthermore, there is not a little description about fishery also in Jasan-eobo(『滋山魚譜』), in which fishery tools and fishing activity are not mentioned in detail.
Haicuo-baiyilu(『海錯百一N』), published in China, provides fishing skills in a single chapter, but its contents are brief and simple. On the other hand, Jeoneoji(『佃漁志』), written by Seo Yugu(徐有榘) in Joseon, not only has the mixed feature of the ‘Book of Fishes’(魚譜) about knowledge of fishes and the ‘Book of Fishery’(漁書) about fishing skills but also gathers up knowledges of fishes and fishing skills of China and Japan as well as of Joseon. This trait is not found in China and Japan, but this book still has a certain limit in terms of a single ‘complete fishery book’.
In the Edo period, interest in the fishery as a business was so increased that detailed descriptions about fishing skills appeared in various fields. For example, Nihon-sankaimeisan-zue(『日本山海名産図会』) presents marine products in more than half of the entire book and also explains specifically different fishing skills of various fish species with detailed drawings. Moreover, there are also complete fishery books reflecting each regional characteristic, such as Kanto-iwashiami-yulaiki(『関東鰯網来由記』), Nodokuni-saigyo-zue(『能登国採魚図会』). The advent of a single complete fishery book in Japan led eventually to formulate modern fisheries science in there.

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