인도네시아 ‘마카시드’ 이슬람경제 추구: 자캇과 자캇노믹스 실천 = Islamic Economy Based on ‘Maqasia’ in Indonesia: Zakat and Zakatnomics Practice

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzed the meaning of the practice of Zakat and Zakatnomics in Indonesia. The Indonesian Islamic Economic Movement, which started in the 1980s, was not a movement that was faithful to the Islamic economic principle from the beginning, but rather a people economic movement that raised the economic demand for the majority of the poor and the concentration problems of wealth by the minority. At the same time, various Muslim organizations and student groups have attempted to revitalize Islamic economic seminars and banks and financial systems based on Islamic financial principles. The first Muamalat Islamic Bank (BMI), which was launched in 1991, noted the three groups as the result of interactions between government and bureaucracy groups centered on Suharto, Islamists and intellectual groups assembled with MUI and ICMI, and civil society groups that attempted the Islamic Economic Movement. The Forum of Zakat(FOZ), which emerged in the process of revitalizing the Islamic economic movement, made a remarkable contribution to the creation of the first Zakat Law in 1999. Based on this experience, Indonesia has established the structure of BAZNAS and LAZ, which are the basic structures of Zakat Law in 2011. The breakthrough in the Indonesian Islamic economy is regarded as the ‘Sharia Economic Master Plan’, which is being pursued by the second government of Jokowi. In other words, the Jokowi government intends to create a new economic growth engine by expanding the Islamic economic principles beyond the scope of Islamic banks and finances throughout the industry and is to be promoted at the national level by creating the Zakatnomics concept that seeks to secure financial resources through Zakat. This is also the result of the interactions of the three groups of actors mentioned above. In the end, the most important issue in the practice of Zakatnomics is whether the Zakat can be collected in reality as expected. This is why the pursuit of the Sharia economy in Indonesia will be a result of solving poverty problems, transparent and fair economic activities, and social welfare.

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