수술 후 기관지늑막루: Bronchial Occluder Device의 치료 효과 = Bronchopleural Fistula after Surgery: Therapeutic Efficacy of Bronchial Occluders

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose To evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of bronchial occluders in the treatment of postoperative bronchopleural fistula (BPF).
Materials and Methods The subjects of the study were six out of seven postoperative BPF patients who underwent surgery due to tuberculosis or lung cancer between 2009 and 2019. Each patient had a bronchial occluder inserted to treat BPF that occurred after surgery. Of the six patients, five had lung cancers and one had tuberculosis. Five were male and one was female; their ages ranged from 59 to 74 years, with an average of 69 years. The diagnosis of BPF was based on findings from bronchoscopy and CT, and treatment was initiated approximately 1 to 2 weeks after diagnosis. The technical and clinical success of the bronchial occluders in the treatment of BPF was evaluated. The study assessed the postoperative clinical effects of the occluders, survival duration, and additional treatments.
Results All six patients were successfully treated. Clinical success was achieved in five patients, while partial clinical success was achieved in one; there was no clinical failure. No complications during the migration of the device or device perforations were observed. Two patients were diagnosed with BPF by CT, while four were diagnosed by bronchoscopy. Lobectomy, bilobectomy, and pneumonectomy were performed on two patients each. The periods between surgery and diagnosis ranged from 1 to 34 months; the average was 10 months. Four patients (59–103 days; an average of 80.5 days) died and two (313 days, 3331 days) survived. The causes of death were aggravation of the underlying disease (n = 2), pulmonary edema and pleural effusion (n = 1), and pneumonia (n = 1). Additional catheter drainage was performed in one patient, and a chest tube was maintained in two patients.
Conclusion Bronchial occluders are useful and effective in the treatment of BPF after pulmonary resection.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목적 수술 후 발생하는 기관지늑막루에 대한 bronchial occluder device (이하 BOD)의 유용성 및 효과성을 평가하고자 한다.
대상과 방법 2009년도부터 2019년까지 폐암 및 폐결핵으로 수술 후 발생한 7명의 기관지늑막루 환자들 중에 BOD 치료를 실시한 6명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 폐암 환자가 5명, 폐결핵환자는 1명이었다. 남자가 5명, 여자가 1명이었으며 59세에서 74세(평균: 69세)이었다. 진단은 전산화단층기관지 촬영과 기관지내시경으로 실시하였다. 시술은 진단 후 1주에서 2주 사이에 실시하였다. 치료에 사용된 BOD의 기술적 성공 및 임상적 성공을 평가하였다. 시술 후임상적 치료 효과와 생존 기간 및 부가적인 치료에 대하여 알아보았다.
결과 총 6명 환자 모두에서 시술을 성공적으로 실시하였다. 임상성공 5명에서 있었고, 1명에서는 임상부분성공이 있었다. 임상실패한 경우는 없었다. 기구의 이동이나 천공의 합병증은없었다. 2명은 전산화단층기관지 촬영으로, 4명은 기관지내시경으로 기관지늑막루를 진단하였다. 수술은 폐엽절제술(lobectomy) 2명, 폐이엽절제술(bilobectomy) 2명, 그리고 전폐절제술(pneumonectomy) 2명이었다. 수술 후 진단까지 걸린 시간은 1개월에서 34개월(평균: 10개월)이었다. 4명(59~103일: 평균 80.5일)은 사망하였고 2명(313일, 3331일)은 생존하였다.
사망 원인이 2명은 기저질환의 악화, 1명은 폐부종 및 흉수, 1명은 폐렴이었다. 한 명에서 부가적인 카테타 배액술, 2명에서 흉관 삽입을 유지하였다.
결론 폐절제 수술 후 발생할 수 있는 기관지늑막루 치료에 있어서 BOD는 유용하고 효과적인치료 방법이다.

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