China’s Water Scarcity and “Hexie Shehui (Harmonious Society)”

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The “hexie shehui (harmonious society)” is China’s new slogan under the Hu Jintao regime, which pursues social and political stability based on sustainable development and people’s welfare. However, the country’s severe water scarcity and pollution has been a clear fault
line in its path to the society. It has threatened people’s sustenance; caused grain loss;
brought about acquire depletion and its following land subsidence and seawater penetration;
induced water-seeking migration; and, significantly, triggered conflicts and protests for water. China’s political leaders are highly aware of the gravity of the problem and have contrived
water-conservancy programs. However, as the Yellow River Allocation Program, the water
consumption quota system/water price increase, and forestation programs demonstrate, the programs have not been implemented effectively due to their institutional flaws as well as the local government’s parochialism and corruption.

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