빅데이터 시대 음운론 연구 방법론의 도전과 기회 = Challenges and Opportunities of Phonological Research Methods in the Era of Big Data

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper reviews approaches to explaining phonological categories and processes, and then presents challenges to the classical phonological approaches that assume phonological categories and categorical processes. The paper then proceeds to briefly introduce alternative approaches to phonological processes that incorporate gradient status of phonological units and phonological processes. Essential assets of Articulatory Phonology and Exemplar Theory are presented as alternative approaches to the phonological structure. After the brief introduction to alternative theories, the paper explains the core concept of Corpus Phonology as an interdisciplinary research methods. Putting the area of phonology in the realm of cognitive science influenced by adjacent disciplines such as sociology and biology makes it necessary to make use of research findings and methods from areas of computer science, speech technology and information technology, as well as statistics and probability. Even if we don’t need to understand all of these areas, we need to be open-minded toward methods borrowed from such disciplines in solving phonological problems. The paper ends with the presentation of web-based Korean Forced Alignment system which can help phonetician or phonologists analyzing with speech samples.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 음운 범주와 음운 과정에 대한 전통적인 이론을 개괄적으로 살펴보고, 이러한 음운 범주와 범주적인 음운 과정을 전제로 하는 전통적인 음운 이론에 대한도전을 제시한다. 전통적인 음운이론에 대한 대안으로 음운 단위와 음운 과정에 대한 범주적인 지위를 가정하는 대신 점진적인 본질을 가정하는 음운 이론으로 다양한 이론들이 있지만, 본 논문에서는 대표적으로 조음음운론과 범례이론을 간략히 제시한다. 범례 이론이 전통적인 음운이론에 비해 가지는 설명적 타당성을 몇 가지사례를 통해 살펴본다. 여전히 공시적인 음운 현상 중 범주적인 특성을 가지는 음운 현상에 대해 범례이론이 가지는 한계점을 제시한 후, 다학제적인 접근법을 취하는말뭉치 음운론을 새로운 음운론의 연구방법론으로 제시한다. 빅데이터 시대에 제안되는 음운론 연구의 최근 방법론은 음운론을 음성학뿐만 아니라 인지과학, 사회과학, 그리고 생물학과 상호 작용하는 연구 분야로 인정을 하자는 것이다. 또한 음운론 연구를 위해서는 전통적인 음운 자질에 더 나아가 빈도수, 성별 등과 같은 메타 정보와 색인 정보까지도 활용할 수 있도록 컴퓨터 과학, 음성 기술, 정보 기술 등 여러 분야의 방법론을 필요한 만큼 활용할 수 있도록 역량을 키우는 것이다. 다학제적인 방법론을 활용한 연구방법론으로 웹기반 강제음성정렬구축에 대한 논의를 함으로써 본 논문을 마무리한다.

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