Effects of body weight and fiber sources on fiber digestibility and short chain fatty acid concentration in growing pigs

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Objective: The study was conducted to determine the effects of body weight (BW) and fiber sources on nutrient digestibility, fiber fermentation and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration in different intestinal segments of growing pigs fed high-fiber diets.
Methods: Nine barrows with initial BW of 25.17±0.73 kg and 9 barrows with initial BW of 63.47±2.18 kg were allotted to a duplicate 9×2 Youden Square design with 3 dietary treatments and 2 periods. The dietary treatments were formulated with 3 different high-fiber ingredients: corn bran, sugar beet pulp, and soybean hulls, respectively. Each diet was fed to 3 barrows with different stage of BW in each period.
Results: There were no differences in the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of most nutrients between pigs at different BW stages. Pigs at 60 kg had greater (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and had greater (p<0.05) hindgut disappearance of IDF and cellulose than pigs at 25 kg. The acetate, propionate and total SCFA concentrations in ileal digesta and feces of pigs at 60 kg were greater (p<0.05) than those of pigs at 25 kg. In addition, fiber sources affected (p<0.05) the AID of gross energy (GE), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude protein, SDF and hemicellulose, the hindgut disappearance and ATTD of dietary fiber components, the lactate and propionate concentrations in ileal digesta and the butyrate, valerate and total SCFA concentrations in feces. There were interactions (p<0.05) between BW and fiber sources on the AID of GE, OM, EE, SDF, hemicellulose, the ATTD of EE, TDF, and IDF, and the hindgut disappearance of SDF and hemicellulose.
Conclusion: Increasing BW mainly improved the digestibility of dietary fiber fractions, and the dietary fiber sources influenced the digestibility of almost all the dietary nutrients in growing pigs.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Porter MG, "The volatility of components of grass silage on oven drying and the inter‐relationship between dry‐matter content estimated by different analytical methods" 56 : 405-411, 2001

2 Jørgensen H, "The fermentative capacity of growing pigs and adult sows fed diets with contrasting type and level of dietary fibre" 109 : 111-114, 2007

3 Högberg A, "The effect of level and type of cereal non-starch polysaccharides on the performance, nutrient utilization and gut environment of pigs around weaning" 127 : 200-219, 2006

4 Stein HH, "Technical note : A technique for inserting a T-cannula into the distal ileum of pregnant sows" 76 : 1433-1436, 1998

5 Wilfart A, "Sites of nutrient digestion in growing pigs : effect of dietary fiber" 85 : 976-983, 2007

6 Latimer GW, "Official methods of analysis of AOAC International" AOAC International 2012

7 Committee on Nutrient Requirements of Swine, National Research Council, "Nutrient requirements of swine" National Academy Press 2012

8 최현준, "Neutral detergent fiber rather than other dietary fiber types as an independent variable increases the accuracy of prediction equation for digestible energy in feeds for growing pigs" 아세아·태평양축산학회 33 (33): 615-622, 2020

9 Carneiro M, "Microbial activity in the gut of piglets : II. Effect of fibre source and enzyme supplementation" 108 : 262-265, 2007

10 Van Soest PJ, "Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition" 74 : 3583-3597, 1991

11 Choct M, "Increased small intestinal fermentation is partly responsible for the anti‐nutritive activity of non‐starch polysaccharides in chickens" 37 : 609-621, 1996

12 Ivarsson E, "Growth performance, digestibility and faecal coliform bacteria in weaned piglets fed a cereal-based diet including either chicory(Cichorium intybus L)or ribwort(Plantago lanceolata L)forage" 5 : 558-564, 2011

13 Rooke JA, "Growth performance and gut function of piglets weaned at four weeks of age and fed protease-treated soya-bean meal" 70 : 175-190, 1998

14 Koh A, "From dietary fiber to host physiology : short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites" 165 : 1332-1345, 2016

15 Zhao JB, "Fiber-rich foods affected gut bacterial community and short-chain fatty acids production in pig model" 57 : 266-274, 2019

16 Lindberg JE, "Fiber effects in nutrition and gut health in pigs" 5 : 15-, 2014

17 Williams BA, "Fermentation in the large intestine of single-stomached animals and its relationship to animal health" 14 : 207-228, 2001

18 Jha R, "Feed ingredients differing in fermentable fibre and indigestible protein content affect fermentation metabolites and faecal nitrogen excretion in growing pigs" 6 : 603-611, 2012

19 Molist F, "Effects of the insoluble and soluble dietary fibre on the physicochemical properties of digesta and the microbial activity in early weaned piglets" 149 : 346-353, 2009

20 Urriola PE, "Effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on amino acid, energy, and fiber digestibility and on hindgut fermentation of dietary fiber in a corn-soybean meal diet fed to growing pigs" 88 : 1454-1462, 2010

21 Q. Huang, "Effects of Inclusion Levels of Wheat Bran and Body Weight on Ileal and Fecal Digestibility in Growing Pigs" 아세아·태평양축산학회 28 (28): 847-854, 2015

22 Lærke HN, "Effect of xylanases on ileal viscosity, intestinal fiber modification, and apparent ileal fiber and nutrient digestibility of rye and wheat in growing pigs" 93 : 4323-4335, 2015

23 Freire JPB, "Effect of dietary fibre source on total tract digestibility, caecum volatile fatty acids and digestive transit time in the weaned piglet" 87 : 71-83, 2000

24 Presto MH, "Effect of body weight on ileal endogenous nitrogen and amino acid loss in PVTC-cannulated pigs" 134 : 18-20, 2010

25 Jaworski NW, "Disappearance of nutrients and energy in the stomach and small intestine, cecum, and colon of pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles, wheat middlings, or soybean hulls" 95 : 727-739, 2017

26 Etienne M, "Digestive physiology in pigs" EAAP 583-586, 1997

27 Chabeauti E, "Digestion of plant cell walls from four different sources in growing pigs" 32 : 207-213, 1991

28 Le Goff G, "Comparative total tract digestibility of dietary energy and nutrients in growing pigs and adult sows" 79 : 2418-2427, 2001

29 Urriola PE, "Comparative digestibility of energy and nutrients in fibrous feed ingredients fed to Meishan and Yorkshire pigs" 90 : 802-812, 2012

30 Dierick NA, "Approach to the energetic importance of fibre digestion in pigs. 1. Importance of fermentation in the overall energy supply" 23 : 141-167, 1989