泰安 馬島 1號船을 통해 본 高麗의 漕運船 = Study on a Tax Shipping Freighter in Goryeo Period through Taean Mado Shipwreck No.1

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Mado Shipwreck No.1 is viewed to be Goryeo Dynasty’s tax shipping freighter whose time period of sinking is obviously known. This thesis tries to understand the structure and size of Goryeo’s tax freighter by studying Mado Shipwreck No.1’s structure, size and other features.
In its size, Mado Shipwreck No.1 could be regarded as a freighter ship recorded in the Economy Section in the History of Goryeo Dynasty. The freighter ships could load upto 1,000 bags of grain stored in 10 nationwide taxation storages during the dynasty. These freighter ships may be in the size of Mado Shipwreck No.1 or Sibidongpado(十二東派島)ship built earlier than Mado No.1. They are also in a similar size to early Chosun Dynasty’s tax shipping freighters recorded in Gyeongguk Daejeon (Chosun’s complete code of laws).
In its structure, Mado Shipwreck No.1 shows traditional Korean boat’s characteristics well. It has a flat-bed bottom plate, shell plate using Rebbetted clinker joint, one mast, flat stem and stern, beam and other traditional features. In Mado Shipwreck No.1’s flat-bed bottom, Chinese material has disappeared and the bottom plate is directly linked to the shell plate. This is a feature not found in Goryeo ships in the 11～12C. Therefore, it could be supposed that the Chinese material in Goryeo’s ship became disappeared at the beginning of the 13C. Stem assembly method was also witnessed in Mado Shipwreck No.1. Unlike what is known so far, Goryeo’s stem assembly method used for taxation shipping boats was not a horizontal but vertical method. It may take more time to understand detailed and accurate assembly method because the ship was badly corroded. But still it is highly likely that a part of the bottom plate was shaved in V form and a cuspidal stem was inserted.
Many researchers have already raised a question if Mado Shipwreck No.1 could be viewed as a tax freighter. However, we should remember that taxation in Goryeo was done in two ways. National tax whose taxation right was owned by the dynasty was directly transported to storages in the left and right part of Gaegyeong(開京, the capital city). Private tax whose taxation right was owned by individuals was delivered to the individual directly. It is supposed that national tax transportation system was used for the private taxation as well.
Other than ship structure and size, Mado Shipwreck No.1 provides various information, which is expected to help our better understanding on pottery chronicles, types of tax and changes in weights and measures in Goryeo

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Mado Shipwreck No.1 is viewed to be Goryeo Dynasty’s tax shipping freighter whose time period of sinking is obviously known. This thesis tries to understand the structure and size of Goryeo’s tax freighter by studying Mado Shipwreck No.1’s structure, size and other features.
In its size, Mado Shipwreck No.1 could be regarded as a freighter ship recorded in the Economy Section in the History of Goryeo Dynasty. The freighter ships could load upto 1,000 bags of grain stored in 10 nationwide taxation storages during the dynasty. These freighter ships may be in the size of Mado Shipwreck No.1 or Sibidongpado(十二東派島)ship built earlier than Mado No.1. They are also in a similar size to early Chosun Dynasty’s tax shipping freighters recorded in Gyeongguk Daejeon (Chosun’s complete code of laws).
In its structure, Mado Shipwreck No.1 shows traditional Korean boat’s characteristics well. It has a flat-bed bottom plate, shell plate using Rebbetted clinker joint, one mast, flat stem and stern, beam and other traditional features. In Mado Shipwreck No.1’s flat-bed bottom, Chinese material has disappeared and the bottom plate is directly linked to the shell plate. This is a feature not found in Goryeo ships in the 11～12C. Therefore, it could be supposed that the Chinese material in Goryeo’s ship became disappeared at the beginning of the 13C. Stem assembly method was also witnessed in Mado Shipwreck No.1. Unlike what is known so far, Goryeo’s stem assembly method used for taxation shipping boats was not a horizontal but vertical method. It may take more time to understand detailed and accurate assembly method because the ship was badly corroded. But still it is highly likely that a part of the bottom plate was shaved in V form and a cuspidal stem was inserted.
Many researchers have already raised a question if Mado Shipwreck No.1 could be viewed as a tax freighter. However, we should remember that taxation in Goryeo was done in two ways. National tax whose taxation right was owned by the dynasty was directly transported to storages in the left and right part of Gaegyeong(開京, the capital city). Private tax whose taxation right was owned by individuals was delivered to the individual directly. It is supposed that national tax transportation system was used for the private taxation as well.
Other than ship structure and size, Mado Shipwreck No.1 provides various information, which is expected to help our better understanding on pottery chronicles, types of tax and changes in weights and measures in Goryeo

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