위험범과 현저성의 원칙

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A type of crime is done sort as crimes constituted by violation of legal interests and crimes constituted by endangerment of legal interests in the criminal law according to a matter of degree of legal interests.
Especially, crime constituted by endangerment of legal interests(hereinafter endangerment offenses) forms at the level of endangerment of legal interests, therefore its relatively advanced a time of constitution about a crime and it has a merit to match up the function of prevention.
However, as far as criminal law have to keep a balance of the function of freedom guaranteeing and the protective function of legal interests, if it increases, then the function of freedom guaranteeing is relatively weaken, so its legislation must consist carefully, and the ‘legal elements of the offence(Tatbestand)’ must also interpret strictly.
Endangerment offenses have a kind of characteristic that the endangerment of legal interests is presumed or regarded, when ‘legal elements of the offence’ is only fulfilled. The academy generally criticizes these, but ‘Tatbestand’ is from acts that can be estimated as socially unlawful acts, and it’s also constituted typologically and concretely from that acts, therefore if ‘Tatbestand’ is fulfilled, Unlawfulness is naturally presumed.
That is to say, interpretation of ‘Tatbestand’ is relied on the materiality of Unlawfulness, so ‘the principle of materiality’ must apply to the interpretation. And we have to use the principle of materiality when we also interpret the endangerment offenses, besides interpretation of endangerment offence needs a method to decide endangerment according to the theory of objective unlawfulness, because the presumption about endangerment of legal interests isn’t decision for endangerment of legal interests.
Furthermore, the occurrence of danger in the concrete endangerment offence is needed in the stage of Tatbestand, so its interpretation must be comprehended scientifically, objectively and concretely by the principle of materiality. Even though the occurrence is denied, a criminal attempt can be constituted, so evaluation for decision of unlawfulness must be finally done by normative judgement(by socially common idea). If so, the method will be a kind of way to interpret restrictively the endangerment offence.

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