巫俗의 天神儀禮에 관한 硏究

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It has been generally accepted that there is no ceremony for the heavenly gods in the Shaman ritual or gud. This may be because there does not exist a specific ritual for the heavenly gods within the Shaman gud. However, Shamanism is a polytheism. It is the basic nature of human beings to believe that all natural phenomena are influenced by gods, where the most important god is the heaven. Hence, it would be considered strange if there was no gud that worships the heaven in Shamanism.
By collecting and analyzing all the data regarding the Shaman guds throughout the country, this research verified that the guds such as Bulsagud in Seoul; Sirumal in Gyonggi-do; Chongiwhang Bonpuri in Cheju-do; Ilwolgeori in the east coast; Ilwolsungsinmaji in Whanghae-do; Ilwolnoripunyeum in Pyungan; do worship heavenly gods.
A common feature of the Shaman ceremonies for heavenly gods includes the following. The ceremony for the gods in the heaven is conducted in the early stage of the gud, which implies that they are the most important divinity. The ritual is not undertaken within a house, but conducted outside, in the open space where the heaven is seen. The ceremony for the gods in the heaven is unique in the sense that it is mixed and merged with foreign religions such as Buddhism and Taoism. In the case of the Village gud, the ceremony for the heavenly gods is sometimes replaced by the Confucian ritual. Thus it seems that foreign religions occupied the most important part of the ceremony in Shamanism, the ceremony of the heavenly gods, and this reflects the acceptance of foreign religions by the ruling class and their regarding of these foreign religions as the ruling idea.
The purpose of the ceremony for the gods in the heaven is abstract, different from the general guds, which interprets the heaven to be the origin of all things. Lastly, there is a commonality between the myth for the gods in the heaven in Shamanism and the myth of the nations birth, where the heaven is the nations father and the earth, its mother. In the Shaman gud, there is a myth that states that the descendants of the heaven once occupied the world. This Shaman gud myth has been slightly altered to become the national myth that states that the descendants of the heaven created the nation.