통일한국 실현을 위한 한러관계의 재조명|RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Since the Kingdom of Chosun established diplomatic relations with the Russian Empire in 1884, the relationship between the two countries has been turbulent. First, the Chosun government was forced by the Japanese empire to give up its sovereign power over diplomacy in 1905. At the end of World War II, the Soviet Red Army advanced to the 38th parallel to disarm the Imperial Japanese army, which became the origin of the division of the Korean Peninsula. Soon after, Kim Il-sung, in close collaboration with Stalin, launched a war against the Republic of Korea in 1950, and the ROK and Russia continued their hostility until the re-establishment of diplomatic relations in 1990 as an outcome of Roh Tae Woo’s “Northern Policy” and Gorbachev’s “Perestroika and Glasnost.”
The two nations have made strenuous efforts to develop mutually complementary relations for the last 25 years, but the present situation remains far below expectations. Today, the Putin government is experiencing difficulties as a result of economic sanctions imposed by the U.S., EU, Canada and Australia triggered by Russia’s territorial integration of the Crimean region in 2014. In response, Putin in 2014 announced a “New Eastern Policy” aiming at the exploration and development of the Far East region surrounding the Premolski areas, the geographic point closest to the ROK and Japan.
We need to look anew at the Far East as the point of intersection between Korea’s Northern Policy and Russia’s Eastern Policy. The total volume of trade and investment between the two countries has fallen sharply to less than 1/15th of that between the ROK and the PRC. The preponderance of trade with and investment in China should shift toward Russia, which will revitalize the Russian economy.
Five years ago, IMEMO, a prominent Russian research institute, asserted that unification of the Korean Peninsula could be led by the ROK on the basis of democracy and a market economy and this will best serve the interests of the Russian Federation. We should make utmost efforts to utilize Russia’s potential to reunify the Korean Peninsula, an outcome that will serve both Korea and Russia well. After unification, the trans-Siberian railways [TSR] will be connected to Korean railways and the pipeline construction project that allows Russian natural to pass through the Korean Peninsula will provide another source of resilience for both countries. All these factors will greatly contribute to the security, peace, and prosperity of this region as a whole.

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