프뢰벨 유아교육방법의 의의에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Implications of Froebel's Methods of Early Childhood Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate educational implications of play, gifts, occupations, and play-group methods which Froebel emphasizes as methods of early childhood education, and discuss the significance and possibilities of these methods in modern education. His ideas, being religious and metaphisical, reflect social needs in those days. His ideas of education are based on the principles of unity, self-activity and continuous development, and work education.According to Froebel, the education of early childhood is the phase to transfer the inner things into the outer ones, and it must be a process to stimulate and develop inborn tendencies and powers. Therefore, the purpose of education at this stage is to provide capacities with every organ of men, which satisfy the requirement of those tendencies and powers. Moreover, as it is at this stage that the education for mind as well as body starts in the early childhood, the content of education consists of all types of activities for the self-expression centering around the development of language. He suggests that play, occupations and play-group are the important methods of early childhood education.Froebel's curriculum is an activity curriculum. He emphasizes play as the most valuable form of self-expression. He devised the ideal play materials by the terms 'gifts' and designated 'occupations'. Through the gifts and occupations can the child be stimulated and led to the self-expression. He also developed many types of co-operative plays and group games.The conclusion of this study is as follows:First, Froebel insists that when play is permitted enough to children, which characterizes childhood, they can proceed to the next stages of development normally. Even if he doesn't provide sufficient psychological evidence? from a modern perspectives, his assertion is meaningful supported by modern psychological and developmental researches.Second, the education through play, the play using gifts, occupations, and play-group method which Froebel suggests coinside with modem educational theory in that those can make children bring their genius into full play centering around the interests with children.Third, he insists that children's co-operative activities with others corresspond to the inner nature of them and that the play-group method is a natural way to develop social and co-operative attitudes of the child. These ideas are the same as those of today.'Play' is emphasized the important method of early childhood education in these days, but we must take precautions against the limited play that is performed in the concrete structure constructed by adults. It can't be a true 'play' as an 'idler unfolding' of Froebel's theory. On the other hand, we must examine the viewpoint carefully that emphasizes the development of intellect through Montessori's sensory training. Moveover, the suggestion that 5-year-old-child is admitted to elementary school in the reformation for new educational system generates wrong tendencies of emphasizing the intellectual education of early childhood. The aim and method of education must be based on the understanding of the nature of a child as well as social needs.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I.서 론
• II.프뢰벨 교육사상의 기초
• 1.통일의 원리
• 2.자기활동의 원리와 연속발달의 원리
• 3.작업의 원리
• III.유아기의 교육
• 1.유아교육의 목적
• 2.유아기의 교육내용
• IV.유아교육의 방법
• 1.놀이
• 2.은물과 작업
• 3.집단활동을 통한 놀이
• V.결론 : 프뢰벨 교육방법의 의의